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<p>The present study focused on the influence of geographical origin on the physicochemical and phenolic characteristics of wines from the Agiorgitiko grape variety of different vintages, aiming to investigate their potential for geographical classification. For this purpose, wine samples were collected from four major viticultural regions of Greece (Nemea, Korinthos, Drama, and Paggaio), and parameters such as total acidity (TA) and active acidity (pH), ash content, chloride salts, sulfur dioxide forms (free SO<sub>2</sub>, conjugated SO<sub>2</sub>, and total SO<sub>2</sub>), total phenolic content (TPC), tannin content, and antioxidant activity (AA) were determined. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) to evaluate the statistical differentiation of Agiorgitiko wine samples among the different regions. The MANOVA results revealed statistically significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) differences among the geographical groups, while the LDA achieved a correct classification rate of 95.2% of the wine samples according to geographical origin, confirming the strong discriminant power of the variables. In addition, HCA approved the dissimilarity of the Agiorgitiko wine samples in relation to geographical origin. The variables total acidity (TA), pH, TPC, AA, and SO<sub>2</sub> (free and conjugated) were identified as the most important discriminators. Specifically, wines from the Drama region exhibited higher pH and lower total acidity, wines from the Paggaio region showed higher phenolic content and total acidity, while wines from the Nemea region demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity and higher free SO<sub>2</sub> levels. Finally, wines from the Korinthos region were characterized by the highest levels of conjugated SO<sub>2</sub>. The study highlights the close relationship between terroir and the chemical composition of wine and emphasizes the potential use of conventional physicochemical parameters as reliable tools for the rapid traceability and certification of geographical origin in combination with statistical analysis.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Geographical Classification of Wine Samples of the Agiorgitiko Grape Variety of Different Vintages Based on Conventional Physicochemical Parameters and Statistical Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

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  • Vasiliki Lebousi,
  • Dimitrios G. Lazaridis,
  • Eirini Intzirtzi,
  • Katerina Katerinopoulou,
  • Vassilios Triantafyllidis,
  • Ioannis K. Karabagias

摘要

The present study focused on the influence of geographical origin on the physicochemical and phenolic characteristics of wines from the Agiorgitiko grape variety of different vintages, aiming to investigate their potential for geographical classification. For this purpose, wine samples were collected from four major viticultural regions of Greece (Nemea, Korinthos, Drama, and Paggaio), and parameters such as total acidity (TA) and active acidity (pH), ash content, chloride salts, sulfur dioxide forms (free SO2, conjugated SO2, and total SO2), total phenolic content (TPC), tannin content, and antioxidant activity (AA) were determined. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) to evaluate the statistical differentiation of Agiorgitiko wine samples among the different regions. The MANOVA results revealed statistically significant (p < 0.001) differences among the geographical groups, while the LDA achieved a correct classification rate of 95.2% of the wine samples according to geographical origin, confirming the strong discriminant power of the variables. In addition, HCA approved the dissimilarity of the Agiorgitiko wine samples in relation to geographical origin. The variables total acidity (TA), pH, TPC, AA, and SO2 (free and conjugated) were identified as the most important discriminators. Specifically, wines from the Drama region exhibited higher pH and lower total acidity, wines from the Paggaio region showed higher phenolic content and total acidity, while wines from the Nemea region demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity and higher free SO2 levels. Finally, wines from the Korinthos region were characterized by the highest levels of conjugated SO2. The study highlights the close relationship between terroir and the chemical composition of wine and emphasizes the potential use of conventional physicochemical parameters as reliable tools for the rapid traceability and certification of geographical origin in combination with statistical analysis.

Graphical Abstract