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<p>Brassicaceae plants are rich in bioactive phenolic and flavonoid compounds that contribute to antioxidant capacity; however, comprehensive multivariate evaluations remain scarce. This study investigated total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and five antioxidant assays (DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, ORAC, and HORAC) across 31 Korean Brassicaceae species. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were applied to elucidate relationships among antioxidant parameters and to classify species based on their antioxidant potential. The TPC and TFC ranged from 8.97–59.81&#xa0;mg GAE/g dw and 0.30–21.39&#xa0;mg CE/g dw, respectively, with <i>Sisymbrium officinale</i> var. <i>leiocarpum</i> exhibiting the highest levels. Strong positive correlations were found between TPC and ABTS (r = 0.957) and CUPRAC (r = 0.942), indicating the predominant role of phenolic compounds in electron transfer–based antioxidant mechanisms. <i>S. officinale</i> var. <i>leiocarpum</i>, <i>Lepidium apetalum</i>, and <i>Draba nemorosa</i> var. <i>hebecarpa</i> displayed particularly high ABTS, CUPRAC, and HORAC activities. PCA revealed that two principal components accounted for 80.8% of total variance, with PC1 representing overall antioxidant capacity and PC2 reflecting specific radical scavenging activity. ABTS, CUPRAC, and HORAC contributed strongly to PC1, while DPPH and ORAC were associated with PC2. Cluster analysis grouped the species into three clusters according to antioxidant performance, distinguishing high, moderate, and low activity groups. These multivariate results provide a systematic overview of antioxidant diversity in Korean Brassicaceae plants and identify phenolic rich species with strong potential as sources for functional food and natural antioxidant development.</p>

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Multivariate Analysis of Antioxidant Activity in Korean Brassicaceae Plants Using PCA and Cluster Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月22日

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  • Su-Jeong Hwang,
  • Je-Hyuk Lee

摘要

Brassicaceae plants are rich in bioactive phenolic and flavonoid compounds that contribute to antioxidant capacity; however, comprehensive multivariate evaluations remain scarce. This study investigated total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and five antioxidant assays (DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, ORAC, and HORAC) across 31 Korean Brassicaceae species. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were applied to elucidate relationships among antioxidant parameters and to classify species based on their antioxidant potential. The TPC and TFC ranged from 8.97–59.81 mg GAE/g dw and 0.30–21.39 mg CE/g dw, respectively, with Sisymbrium officinale var. leiocarpum exhibiting the highest levels. Strong positive correlations were found between TPC and ABTS (r = 0.957) and CUPRAC (r = 0.942), indicating the predominant role of phenolic compounds in electron transfer–based antioxidant mechanisms. S. officinale var. leiocarpum, Lepidium apetalum, and Draba nemorosa var. hebecarpa displayed particularly high ABTS, CUPRAC, and HORAC activities. PCA revealed that two principal components accounted for 80.8% of total variance, with PC1 representing overall antioxidant capacity and PC2 reflecting specific radical scavenging activity. ABTS, CUPRAC, and HORAC contributed strongly to PC1, while DPPH and ORAC were associated with PC2. Cluster analysis grouped the species into three clusters according to antioxidant performance, distinguishing high, moderate, and low activity groups. These multivariate results provide a systematic overview of antioxidant diversity in Korean Brassicaceae plants and identify phenolic rich species with strong potential as sources for functional food and natural antioxidant development.