<p>In this study, a microwave-assisted extraction technique was utilized to extract the bioactive compounds of <i>Carum copticum</i> L. seeds. Following this extraction, response surface methodology was employed to optimize the levels of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and DPPH radical scavenging activity. The effect of ethanol content (0–100% v/v) and time (60–120&#xa0;s) on total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were investigated and optimized using response surface methodology. The time range of 60 to 65&#xa0;s and an ethanol concentration of 80 to 100% resulted in the highest total phenolic content. Increasing the extraction time to 60&#xa0;s while reducing the ethanol concentration to 0% (100% water) significantly increased the flavonoid levels. In terms of DPPH radical scavenging activity, extending the extraction time beyond 60&#xa0;s and decreasing the ethanol content to less than 95% led to an increase in IC₅₀, thereby reducing the maximum radical scavenging activity. The optimized conditions for achieving the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity of <i>Carum copticum</i> L. seed extract, in terms of time and ethanol concentration, were determined to be 60&#xa0;s and 10% ethanol (90% water), respectively. In conclusion, the optimal extraction conditions for maximizing total phenolic and flavonoid content, minimizing IC₅₀, and achieving the highest antioxidant properties in ethanol were found to be 4.04% v/v ethanol and 60&#xa0;s. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of response surface methodology (RSM) for optimizing the extraction conditions of bioactive compounds from <i>Carum copticum</i> L. seeds and suggest its potential use as bioactive functional materials.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>