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<p>The valorization of saline concentrate and brackish water is a key strategy for the sustainable management of water resources, particularly in semi-arid regions. Cultivating microalgae in these effluents mitigates environmental impacts and enables high-value biomass production, offering potential for the generation of bioproducts and added benefits for regional agricultural systems. This study aimed to optimize biomass production and characterize the microalga <i>Chlorolobion braunii</i> using a combination of brackish water and saline concentrate. It used urea as the nitrogen source, without pre-treatment or the addition of synthetic medium, which are strategies not previously reported. Additionally, the potential of this biomass for biodiesel production was evaluated. The experiments were conducted in Erlenmeyer-type bioreactors (1&#xa0;L), and the best biomass production condition was determined using a Central Composite Design (CCD) with the following factors: volume of saline concentrate in brackish water (0–100%) and urea concentration (0.00–0.08 gL⁻¹). The best treatment was the experiment with 50% brackish water and 50% saline concentrate, yielding 0.556&#xa0;g·L⁻¹ of biomass. This biomass had high contents of carbohydrates (21.14%) and lipids (29.40%), while achieving bioremediation of 86.25% nitrates (NO₃⁻), 79.17% phosphate (PO₄³⁻), and a 23.18% reduction in salinity. The biomass exhibited a high content of fatty acids, with 24.94% C16:0 (palmitic) and 38.44% C18:1n9c (oleic), producing biodiesel that meets American (ASTM D6751) and Brazilian (ANP) standards, particularly with respect to quality parameters such as cetane number, iodine value, and cold filter plugging point. This study optimized the biomass production of the microalga <i>Chlorolobion braunii</i>. It demonstrated the feasibility of using a combination of brackish water and saline concentrate without pre-treatment or synthetic medium, resulting in high biomass productivity and elevated biomolecule levels that can serve as substrates for high-value bioproduct generation. This approach provides a dual solution for waste management and renewable energy production.</p>

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Optimized Cultivation of Chlorolobion braunii in Desalination Waste Streams for Bioremediation and Biodiesel Production

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月17日

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  • Ravena Maria de Almeida Medeiros,
  • Jadson dos Santos França,
  • Bianca Bomfim Andrade,
  • Ingrid Rocha Teixeira,
  • Denilson de Jesus Assis,
  • Jânia Betânia Alves da Silva,
  • Carolina Oliveira de Souza,
  • Lucas Guimarães Cardoso

摘要

The valorization of saline concentrate and brackish water is a key strategy for the sustainable management of water resources, particularly in semi-arid regions. Cultivating microalgae in these effluents mitigates environmental impacts and enables high-value biomass production, offering potential for the generation of bioproducts and added benefits for regional agricultural systems. This study aimed to optimize biomass production and characterize the microalga Chlorolobion braunii using a combination of brackish water and saline concentrate. It used urea as the nitrogen source, without pre-treatment or the addition of synthetic medium, which are strategies not previously reported. Additionally, the potential of this biomass for biodiesel production was evaluated. The experiments were conducted in Erlenmeyer-type bioreactors (1 L), and the best biomass production condition was determined using a Central Composite Design (CCD) with the following factors: volume of saline concentrate in brackish water (0–100%) and urea concentration (0.00–0.08 gL⁻¹). The best treatment was the experiment with 50% brackish water and 50% saline concentrate, yielding 0.556 g·L⁻¹ of biomass. This biomass had high contents of carbohydrates (21.14%) and lipids (29.40%), while achieving bioremediation of 86.25% nitrates (NO₃⁻), 79.17% phosphate (PO₄³⁻), and a 23.18% reduction in salinity. The biomass exhibited a high content of fatty acids, with 24.94% C16:0 (palmitic) and 38.44% C18:1n9c (oleic), producing biodiesel that meets American (ASTM D6751) and Brazilian (ANP) standards, particularly with respect to quality parameters such as cetane number, iodine value, and cold filter plugging point. This study optimized the biomass production of the microalga Chlorolobion braunii. It demonstrated the feasibility of using a combination of brackish water and saline concentrate without pre-treatment or synthetic medium, resulting in high biomass productivity and elevated biomolecule levels that can serve as substrates for high-value bioproduct generation. This approach provides a dual solution for waste management and renewable energy production.