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<p>This study examines the evolving gender dynamics in higher education in India over the past decade (2011–2022), focusing on the enrolment trends of male and female students across various academic programs, including UG, PG, MPhil, PhD, and certificate/diploma courses. The primary aim is to analyse the gender participation gap and determine the effectiveness of gender-responsive policies in promoting gender equality in academia. Methodologically, data was collected over 11 years, with key indicators such as the Gender Parity Index (GPI), Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR), and relative gender gap used for analysis. The results reveal a notable increase in female enrolment across many academic tracks, with the PhD and PG Diploma programs exhibiting the highest growth rates in female participation. The study highlights a consistent narrowing of the gender gap, with significant implications for policy development to foster inclusive education globally.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Gender Parity in Higher Education: A Decade-Long Analysis of Female and Male Enrolment Trends in India (2011–2022)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月24日

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  • Rewa Bochare

摘要

This study examines the evolving gender dynamics in higher education in India over the past decade (2011–2022), focusing on the enrolment trends of male and female students across various academic programs, including UG, PG, MPhil, PhD, and certificate/diploma courses. The primary aim is to analyse the gender participation gap and determine the effectiveness of gender-responsive policies in promoting gender equality in academia. Methodologically, data was collected over 11 years, with key indicators such as the Gender Parity Index (GPI), Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR), and relative gender gap used for analysis. The results reveal a notable increase in female enrolment across many academic tracks, with the PhD and PG Diploma programs exhibiting the highest growth rates in female participation. The study highlights a consistent narrowing of the gender gap, with significant implications for policy development to foster inclusive education globally.

Graphical abstract