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<p>Drawing on an integrated framework of Snyder’s Hope Theory and the Broaden-and-Build Theory of positive emotions, this study disentangles the cognitive (Life Satisfaction, LS) and affective (Positive/Negative Affect, PA/NA) components of subjective well-being (SWB) to explore their longitudinal relationships with hope. Using a three-wave survey over two years among adolescents in South China (Middle School <i>N</i> = 484, Mage = 13.05; High School <i>N</i> = 513, Mage = 15.38), we examined these dynamic pathways. Results confirmed that trait hope significantly predicted overall SWB in both cohorts. Crucially, the distinct components of SWB played differential roles in predicting later hope across developmental stages. In the middle school sample, both the positive affective component (PA) and the cognitive component (LS) predicted future hope, consistent with the broaden-and-build mechanism. In contrast, in the high school sample, negative affect (NA) and the cognitive component (LS) were significant predictors, but PA was not. These findings highlight a developmental shift: while the cognitive evaluation of life (LS) remains a stable source of hope, the influence of affective experiences shifts from capitalizing on positive emotions in mid-adolescence to regulating negative emotions in late adolescence. By clarifying these distinct pathways, the study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of how hope is nurtured through both cognitive and emotional avenues.</p>

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The bidirectional relations between hope and subjective well-being in adolescents: A three-wave longitudinal study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月20日

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  • Shuangqiang Liu,
  • Jinglei Su,
  • Yingying Hu,
  • Fanrong Luo,
  • Yanhui Xiang

摘要

Drawing on an integrated framework of Snyder’s Hope Theory and the Broaden-and-Build Theory of positive emotions, this study disentangles the cognitive (Life Satisfaction, LS) and affective (Positive/Negative Affect, PA/NA) components of subjective well-being (SWB) to explore their longitudinal relationships with hope. Using a three-wave survey over two years among adolescents in South China (Middle School N = 484, Mage = 13.05; High School N = 513, Mage = 15.38), we examined these dynamic pathways. Results confirmed that trait hope significantly predicted overall SWB in both cohorts. Crucially, the distinct components of SWB played differential roles in predicting later hope across developmental stages. In the middle school sample, both the positive affective component (PA) and the cognitive component (LS) predicted future hope, consistent with the broaden-and-build mechanism. In contrast, in the high school sample, negative affect (NA) and the cognitive component (LS) were significant predictors, but PA was not. These findings highlight a developmental shift: while the cognitive evaluation of life (LS) remains a stable source of hope, the influence of affective experiences shifts from capitalizing on positive emotions in mid-adolescence to regulating negative emotions in late adolescence. By clarifying these distinct pathways, the study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of how hope is nurtured through both cognitive and emotional avenues.