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<p>External rewards can influence motor learning, yet it remains unclear whether different reward types differentially affect skill acquisition, retention, transfer, and motivation. This study examined how monetary and social rewards influence motor skill learning using a laser pistol shooting task. Participants were randomly assigned to a monetary reward, social reward, or no-reward control group. All participants trained with their dominant (right) hand and were tested before training, immediately after training, and one day later. Both hands were assessed in randomized order without feedback, and intrinsic motivation was measured using the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory following training. Results showed that both reward groups outperformed the control group during acquisition. Monetary reward was associated with improved short-term retention, whereas the social reward manipulation, which combined social-comparative feedback with verbal praise, was associated with greater offline gains and enhanced interlimb transfer. This manipulation was also associated with higher levels of intrinsic motivation. However, intrinsic motivation was not significantly associated with behavioral performance after controlling for group membership and prior performance. These findings suggest that monetary reward and the combined social reward manipulation are associated with distinct patterns across learning stages, with monetary reward linked to short-term performance stabilization and the social reward manipulation linked to offline gains, interlimb transfer, and motivational engagement.</p>

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Pay or praise? how reward type is associated with motor skill learning and motivation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月13日

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  • Cong Yin,
  • Xinyue Yang,
  • Yu Chen,
  • Yaoxu Wang

摘要

External rewards can influence motor learning, yet it remains unclear whether different reward types differentially affect skill acquisition, retention, transfer, and motivation. This study examined how monetary and social rewards influence motor skill learning using a laser pistol shooting task. Participants were randomly assigned to a monetary reward, social reward, or no-reward control group. All participants trained with their dominant (right) hand and were tested before training, immediately after training, and one day later. Both hands were assessed in randomized order without feedback, and intrinsic motivation was measured using the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory following training. Results showed that both reward groups outperformed the control group during acquisition. Monetary reward was associated with improved short-term retention, whereas the social reward manipulation, which combined social-comparative feedback with verbal praise, was associated with greater offline gains and enhanced interlimb transfer. This manipulation was also associated with higher levels of intrinsic motivation. However, intrinsic motivation was not significantly associated with behavioral performance after controlling for group membership and prior performance. These findings suggest that monetary reward and the combined social reward manipulation are associated with distinct patterns across learning stages, with monetary reward linked to short-term performance stabilization and the social reward manipulation linked to offline gains, interlimb transfer, and motivational engagement.