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<p>This study investigated the relationship between state anxiety and pro-environmental behavior (PEB) among adolescents, with a focus on the mediating role of connectedness to nature (CTN) and the moderating role of green self-efficacy (GSE). A sample of 1,851 junior and senior high school students from five schools (<i>M</i> = 14.52, <i>SD</i> = 1.84) participated in the survey. The results showed that: (1) State anxiety was significantly negatively correlated with PEB in both groups, while CTN was positively associated with PEB; GSE was negatively related to state anxiety and positively related to PEB; (2) CTN mediated the state anxiety–PEB relationship in both age groups; (3) A moderated mediation model was supported, with age-related differences. Specifically, among junior high students, GSE moderated the latter half of the mediation path—CTN significantly predicted PEB only when GSE was high. This moderating effect was not significant among senior high students. By integrating affective and cognitive factors, this study advances a developmental perspective on PEB and offers new insights for designing emotionally supportive and efficacy-building interventions to foster sustainable behaviors.</p>

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The relationship between state anxiety and pro-environmental behavior: the role of connectedness to nature and green self-efficacy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月17日

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  • Ruiou Sun,
  • Cuihua Bi,
  • Ziqi Qin,
  • Mao Wu

摘要

This study investigated the relationship between state anxiety and pro-environmental behavior (PEB) among adolescents, with a focus on the mediating role of connectedness to nature (CTN) and the moderating role of green self-efficacy (GSE). A sample of 1,851 junior and senior high school students from five schools (M = 14.52, SD = 1.84) participated in the survey. The results showed that: (1) State anxiety was significantly negatively correlated with PEB in both groups, while CTN was positively associated with PEB; GSE was negatively related to state anxiety and positively related to PEB; (2) CTN mediated the state anxiety–PEB relationship in both age groups; (3) A moderated mediation model was supported, with age-related differences. Specifically, among junior high students, GSE moderated the latter half of the mediation path—CTN significantly predicted PEB only when GSE was high. This moderating effect was not significant among senior high students. By integrating affective and cognitive factors, this study advances a developmental perspective on PEB and offers new insights for designing emotionally supportive and efficacy-building interventions to foster sustainable behaviors.