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<p>Loneliness in older adults is a significant risk factor for the developme nt of mental health disturbances and is a risk factor for reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Our study aimed to explore the mechanisms linking loneliness and HRQoL, focusing on the mediating roles of depression and anxiety and the moderating influence of social support.&#xa0;A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2024 involving 354 older adults selected through convenience sampling. Mediation and moderation analyses were performed to examine these relationships.&#xa0;Loneliness was strongly and negatively correlated with HRQoL (<i>r</i> = -0.900, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and positively correlated with depression (<i>r</i> = 0.697, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and anxiety (<i>r</i> = 0.667, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). HRQoL was negatively correlated with depression (<i>r</i> = -0.650, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and anxiety (<i>r</i> = -0.668, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Depression and anxiety partially mediated the relationship between loneliness and HRQoL (B = -0.015, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; B = -0.038, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Social support moderated the effects of both depression (B = 0.005, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and anxiety (B = 0.008, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), reducing their negative impacts on HRQoL. Additionally, the total indirect effects of loneliness on HRQoL, through depression and anxiety, were significantly moderated by social support.&#xa0;Loneliness adversely affected HRQoL in older adults and this effect was partly mediated by increased levels of depression and anxiety. However, social support, when present, can act as a buffer, significantly reducing the adverse psychological effects. These findings emphasize the critical role of social support in enhancing older adults’ well-being.</p>

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The impact of depression, anxiety, and social support on the relationship between loneliness and HRQoL among older adults in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional, moderate-mediation study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月28日

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  • Sultan Mahmud Imran,
  • Abdullah Al Adib,
  • Manasi Kumar,
  • Nitai Roy

摘要

Loneliness in older adults is a significant risk factor for the developme nt of mental health disturbances and is a risk factor for reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Our study aimed to explore the mechanisms linking loneliness and HRQoL, focusing on the mediating roles of depression and anxiety and the moderating influence of social support. A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2024 involving 354 older adults selected through convenience sampling. Mediation and moderation analyses were performed to examine these relationships. Loneliness was strongly and negatively correlated with HRQoL (r = -0.900, p < 0.001) and positively correlated with depression (r = 0.697, p < 0.001) and anxiety (r = 0.667, p < 0.001). HRQoL was negatively correlated with depression (r = -0.650, p < 0.001) and anxiety (r = -0.668, p < 0.001). Depression and anxiety partially mediated the relationship between loneliness and HRQoL (B = -0.015, p < 0.001; B = -0.038, p < 0.001). Social support moderated the effects of both depression (B = 0.005, p < 0.001) and anxiety (B = 0.008, p < 0.001), reducing their negative impacts on HRQoL. Additionally, the total indirect effects of loneliness on HRQoL, through depression and anxiety, were significantly moderated by social support. Loneliness adversely affected HRQoL in older adults and this effect was partly mediated by increased levels of depression and anxiety. However, social support, when present, can act as a buffer, significantly reducing the adverse psychological effects. These findings emphasize the critical role of social support in enhancing older adults’ well-being.