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<p>Suicide is a serious public health issue worldwide among college students. Suicidal ideation is a critical behavior that can lead to attempts. Previous studies have erroneously treated the situational performance of college freshmen as inherent traits in suicide risk screening programs. This study aims to identify the valid instruments for screening college students based on the Strain Theory of Suicide and the Social Reference Theory, suggesting corresponding measures for suicide prevention and intervention among college students. In this study, a total of 506 college freshmen from three schools at a university in China participated in the project. The cluster random sampling method was used to select both schools and participants. The strain, anxiety, childhood adverse experience, despair-pessimism-sleep disorder (SPACS) were collectively abbreviated as SPACS and utilized to predict the risk of suicidal ideation. The total score of the five SPACS scales with weighting consideration was obtained for each participant. The levels of the SPACS trait characteristics among the top 20% at-risk students were higher than those among another 80% students. The multivariate linear analysis indicated that each of the five risk factors was significantly related to suicidal ideation. The SPACS trait characteristics were all significantly correlated with suicidal ideation. More importantly, this study proposes several strategies to prevent and intervene in suicidal ideation and attempts based on the Strain Theory of Suicide and the Social Reference Theory. This survey aims to achieve the goal of “Zero Suicide” for college students.</p>

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Selection of students at risk of suicide among college freshmen and follow-up intervention strategies in China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月20日

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  • Meiqi Wang,
  • Jie Zhang

摘要

Suicide is a serious public health issue worldwide among college students. Suicidal ideation is a critical behavior that can lead to attempts. Previous studies have erroneously treated the situational performance of college freshmen as inherent traits in suicide risk screening programs. This study aims to identify the valid instruments for screening college students based on the Strain Theory of Suicide and the Social Reference Theory, suggesting corresponding measures for suicide prevention and intervention among college students. In this study, a total of 506 college freshmen from three schools at a university in China participated in the project. The cluster random sampling method was used to select both schools and participants. The strain, anxiety, childhood adverse experience, despair-pessimism-sleep disorder (SPACS) were collectively abbreviated as SPACS and utilized to predict the risk of suicidal ideation. The total score of the five SPACS scales with weighting consideration was obtained for each participant. The levels of the SPACS trait characteristics among the top 20% at-risk students were higher than those among another 80% students. The multivariate linear analysis indicated that each of the five risk factors was significantly related to suicidal ideation. The SPACS trait characteristics were all significantly correlated with suicidal ideation. More importantly, this study proposes several strategies to prevent and intervene in suicidal ideation and attempts based on the Strain Theory of Suicide and the Social Reference Theory. This survey aims to achieve the goal of “Zero Suicide” for college students.