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<p>As the guardians of aviation safety, pilots’ mental health is critical for ensuring flight safety. However, systematic research on the comorbidities of mental symptoms among pilots remains scarce, and the relationship between these symptoms and safety operation behaviors is unclear. This study aims to deepen our understanding of the interrelations among mental symptoms in pilots and to explore how these symptoms are associated with safety operation behaviors. A total of 612 male commercial pilots participated in a cross-sectional survey that assessed nine types of mental symptoms and safety operation behaviors. Descriptive statistics, network analysis, and latent profile analysis were utilized to examine their relationships systematically. The study revealed significant interconnections among mental symptoms in pilots, with obsessive-compulsive symptoms playing a pivotal role in the comorbidity network. Pilots were categorized into three groups based on symptom severity: high-, medium-, and low-level symptom groups. Pilots in the high-level symptom group exhibited significantly poorer safety operation behaviors. Nearly half of the mental symptoms are indirectly linked to safety operation behaviors through comorbidities, and these comorbidities have a direct association with these behaviors. In the low-level symptom group, there was greater integration among safety operation behaviors, whereas the high-level symptom group showed dissociation. In the high-level symptom group, interpersonal communication and cooperation played a key role, while the role of understanding the automated system was weaker, which may be related to compensation mechanisms, automation bias, and blind reliance. This study systematically analyzed the comorbidities of mental symptoms among pilots and their complex relationship with safety operation behaviors. The findings provide practical insights for airline management to promote pilots’ mental health and enhance aviation safety protocols. Additionally, the study contributes to aviation psychology and safety research by offering evidence-based recommendations.</p>

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Unraveling the complex relationships between mental health and safety operation behaviors among pilots: a network and latent profile analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月6日

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  • Kuiliang Li,
  • Yu Liu,
  • Ping Zhou,
  • Xudong Xie,
  • Shuai Xu,
  • Chaocao Yang,
  • Junheng Zhang,
  • Lei Huang,
  • Jing Wang,
  • Ming Ji

摘要

As the guardians of aviation safety, pilots’ mental health is critical for ensuring flight safety. However, systematic research on the comorbidities of mental symptoms among pilots remains scarce, and the relationship between these symptoms and safety operation behaviors is unclear. This study aims to deepen our understanding of the interrelations among mental symptoms in pilots and to explore how these symptoms are associated with safety operation behaviors. A total of 612 male commercial pilots participated in a cross-sectional survey that assessed nine types of mental symptoms and safety operation behaviors. Descriptive statistics, network analysis, and latent profile analysis were utilized to examine their relationships systematically. The study revealed significant interconnections among mental symptoms in pilots, with obsessive-compulsive symptoms playing a pivotal role in the comorbidity network. Pilots were categorized into three groups based on symptom severity: high-, medium-, and low-level symptom groups. Pilots in the high-level symptom group exhibited significantly poorer safety operation behaviors. Nearly half of the mental symptoms are indirectly linked to safety operation behaviors through comorbidities, and these comorbidities have a direct association with these behaviors. In the low-level symptom group, there was greater integration among safety operation behaviors, whereas the high-level symptom group showed dissociation. In the high-level symptom group, interpersonal communication and cooperation played a key role, while the role of understanding the automated system was weaker, which may be related to compensation mechanisms, automation bias, and blind reliance. This study systematically analyzed the comorbidities of mental symptoms among pilots and their complex relationship with safety operation behaviors. The findings provide practical insights for airline management to promote pilots’ mental health and enhance aviation safety protocols. Additionally, the study contributes to aviation psychology and safety research by offering evidence-based recommendations.