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<p>Psychopaths invest considerable time and effort in maintaining their personas to advance their careers, earning them the label of “Dark horses.” Many of these individuals are short-term offenders who appear to simply be “Doing their work,” easily manage impressions, and have few victims. However, the uncivil behavior of psychopaths, often described as the “cancer” of the workplace, constitutes a serious concern requiring urgent action. Applying Self-Determination Theory (SDT), this research examines how sadism moderates the relationship between psychopathy and front-line employees’ instigated incivility across two service sector organizations. Study 1 involved academic professionals (<i>n =</i> 300) from higher education institutions (HEIs), while Study 2 examined nursing staff (<i>n =</i> 300) from healthcare organizations. The results show a significant moderating effect of sadism among academic professionals but not among nursing staff. Demographic factors also exert considerable influence across both populations, with gender and age disparities highlighting the need for targeted interventions to address incivility in different occupational settings and demographic groups. This study underscores the complex nature of intentional incivility and the importance of tailored strategies to foster civil workplaces. Future research directions are also identified.</p>

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Toxic mind, hurtful behavior: how sadism moderates psychopathy and incivility in shaping academic and health outcomes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月17日

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  • Irfan Ullah,
  • Muhammad Fiaz,
  • Wang Bo,
  • Saif Ud Din,
  • Yasir Hayat Mughal

摘要

Psychopaths invest considerable time and effort in maintaining their personas to advance their careers, earning them the label of “Dark horses.” Many of these individuals are short-term offenders who appear to simply be “Doing their work,” easily manage impressions, and have few victims. However, the uncivil behavior of psychopaths, often described as the “cancer” of the workplace, constitutes a serious concern requiring urgent action. Applying Self-Determination Theory (SDT), this research examines how sadism moderates the relationship between psychopathy and front-line employees’ instigated incivility across two service sector organizations. Study 1 involved academic professionals (n = 300) from higher education institutions (HEIs), while Study 2 examined nursing staff (n = 300) from healthcare organizations. The results show a significant moderating effect of sadism among academic professionals but not among nursing staff. Demographic factors also exert considerable influence across both populations, with gender and age disparities highlighting the need for targeted interventions to address incivility in different occupational settings and demographic groups. This study underscores the complex nature of intentional incivility and the importance of tailored strategies to foster civil workplaces. Future research directions are also identified.