<p>Most theories of Chinese self are influenced by the etic cultural framework of independent/interdependent self, with the Western self as a reference point. Researchers often neglect to consider the internal tension of Chinese self within Confucian culture. Drawing on the divergent perspectives of two distinguished indigenous scholars, Fei Hsiao-Tung and Liang Shuming, we propose a dualistic model of the Chinese large self. Based on the dualistic model for xiaowo-orientated and guanxi-orientated large self, two studies were conducted. In Study 1, a 22-item scale was developed to explore the concept of the dual large self. Subsequently, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed on online samples (<i>n</i> = 365) to identify the dimensions and final items, resulting in a 16-item scale consisting of two factors. In Study 2, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was employed to validate the structure using a refined 16-item scale, and criterion validity was assessed with Sample 1 (<i>n</i> = 414). Additionally, the test–retest reliability was examined using Sample 3 (<i>n</i> = 113). The Chinese Dual Dawo Scale exhibits good reliability and validity, making it an effective tool for measuring the self of Chinese people.</p>