<p>This study endeavors to examine the relationship between proactive personality and innovative work behavior (IWB), while also exploring the mediating role of innovation motivation and the moderating relationships of both task complexity and task interdependence. Trait Activation Theory (TAT) is used to elucidate the relationship between proactive personality And innovation motivation, And the relationship between IWB. A questionnaire was used to collect 251 matched pairs of three-wave, two-source data from members and leaders of various departments in typical companies across the country. The results indicate that proactive personality exerts an indirect positive relationship with IWB by fostering innovation motivation. Furthermore, task interdependence amplifies the mediating role of innovation motivation between proactive personality and innovation motivation. The synergistic relationship between task interdependence and task complexity further augments the indirect positive relationship of proactive personality with IWB through the enhancement of innovation motivation. This study explores the mediating role of innovation motivation and the moderating relationships of task interdependence and task complexity from the perspective of proactive personality, expanding our understanding of the field of research on TAT, personality traits, and IWB.</p>