<p>The number of individuals identifying as transgender, or gender non-binary, has risen in recent decades. One hypothesis holds that this increase is attributable to the influence of social media. To test whether transgender identification correlated with screen time and/or social media use, while controlling for relevant covariates, we used data from the Florida version of the Center for Disease Control (CDC) Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) administered in 2019 and 2021 (<i>N</i> = 9055), as well as national data from the 2023 YRBS (<i>N</i> = 9581). Results showed that screen time had a very small but statistically significant association with Transgender identification among adolescents in the 2019 and 2021 data. In the 2023 YRBS data, no association was found between social media use and transgender identity, except among natal females, where greater social media usage was associated with a lower probability of transgender identity. The effect sizes of these relationships are well below accepted benchmarks of practical or theoretical significance. We conclude that that the relationship between social media use and transgender identity is unclear, and offer diverging interpretations of these small or absent effects. After noting the substantial limitations of the present data, we discuss methodological considerations and refinements that would offer a stronger test of the purported relationship between social media use and gender diverse identities.</p>