<p>In the digital epoch, the pervasive influence of smartphones has engendered a series of behavioral conditions such as “smartphone addiction,” “text neck,” “mobile phone dependency,” and “nomophobia.” While concerns about smartphones are growing, evidence suggests they significantly influence the conventional paradigms of education and daily life, especially among younger cohorts. General strain and compensatory Internet use theories suggest that bullying may lead individuals to Internet overuse as a means of psychological escape and social compensation. Resilience (individual factors) may mediate the role between bullying victimization and internet overuse, but research has often overlooked socioeconomic status (SES) differences in this relationship. This study aimed to explore the connection between bullying victimization and Internet overuse among children from differing socioeconomic backgrounds. A moderated mediation model was employed, surveying 264 advantaged children from Wuhan (high economic level) and 208 disadvantaged children from Wenshan (low economic level) in China. The results indicate that (1) taking gender and grade into account, bullying victimization significantly predicts Internet overuse in children, even when accounting for gender and grade; (2) the relationship between bullying victimization and Internet overuse is partially mediated by resilience; and (3) SES moderates the relationship between resilience and Internet overuse. Specifically, resilience significantly predicts Internet overuse among advantaged children but is insignificant for disadvantaged children. These findings deepen our understanding of the factors driving Internet overuse among children from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds, highlighting the importance of individual-environment interactions and underscoring the need for tailored strategies for preventing and interveneing in Internet overuse.</p>