Exploring the psychometric properties of the adult hope scale in an Indian university student sample
摘要
The present study explores the psychometric properties of Synder et al.‘s (1991) Adult Hope Scale in the Indian milieu and is based on three independent studies. Study 1 examines the factor structure of the scale using Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Study 2 tests the internal consistency reliability using Cronbach’s alpha and Composite Reliability. It aslo assesses convergent, discriminant, and criterion validities using the Average Variance Extracted, Fornell and Larcker testing system, and correlation coefficients between hope, gratitude, spiritual well-being, and distress scores. The final study examines the stability of the scale using test-retest reliability. The results of Study 1 suggested a two-factored (agency and pathways thinking) structure alike the original study. The second study asserted acceptable reliability and validity estimates and convergence with gratitude questionnaire- 6 (GQ- 6) and divergence with psychological distress scale (K10) scores. Furthermore, the scale successfully predicted the spiritual well-being of Indian students, thereby suggesting the scale’s predictive validity in the Indian context. Finally, the test-retest reliability confirmed the stability of scale among Indian students. The study is one of the first to test the reliability and validity of the Adult Hope Scale and its associations with spiritual well-being, gratitude, and psychological distress, specifically in India.