<p>The cognitive map is the basis of memory representation and behavioral decision-making for mammalian survival. Grid cells, which are important for constructing cognitive maps, are considered to provide objective metrics for measuring the environment to complete vectorized path integration. However, it has been found that the pattern of regular equilateral triangle periodicity of grid cells will be deformed by environmental deformation. Recent single-cell experiments in mice have shown that grid patterns are perturbed by environmental reward factors, providing insight into another factor affecting the construction of cognitive maps. We recruited 142 participants to complete the virtual reality desktop spatial navigation memory experiment to study the spatial memory bias under the combination of cognitive map environmental metric deformation and reward attraction. The experimental results not only verified the distortion of memory caused by geometric deformation of the environment, but also found that reward attraction distorted memory in the absence of environmental deformation and stabilized memory in the presence of environmental deformation. Further, we explored the decomposition mode of the effect of reward on memory, and found that the distortion of spatial memory by reward stimulus mainly affected the direction information of spatial memory, but had little effect on the memory of scalar distance. This provides evidence for the study of the construction and adaptability of the structured representation of human cognitive maps, and inspires the study of human behavioral biases and memory distortion brought by multi-factors through cognitive maps.</p>