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<p>Impression formation is a dynamic process which individuals will update others’ impressions as the targets’ behaviors or traits change. Many past studies have found a negative bias effect on the moral impression updating. This study aimed to explore how the direction of change affected moral impression updating. Study 1 investigated the impression updating when moral traits (Study 1a) and behaviors (Study 1b) changed. Study 2 further clarified how people perceive and judge current behaviors based on past behavioral contexts. Study 3 explored the effects of self-interested and other-interested motivations on moral impression updating. The results indicated a negativity bias effect in impression updating when moral traits (Study 1a) and behaviors (Study 1b) changed with time. Consistency of behavioral expectations (cognition) and hostility (affection) served as mediators in moral impression updating (Study 2). Self-interested motivation impaired the updating of bad-to-good targets (Study 3a) and enhanced the updating of good-to-bad targets (Study 3b). Overall, this study elucidated the perceptual and judgmental processes involved in impression updating, further explaining the negativity bias effect and providing new insights for better social interaction and evaluation.</p>

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The tracks of moral information: the role of moral change in impression updating

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月16日

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  • Ke Yang,
  • Zhaoxiang Niu,
  • Fangfang Wen,
  • Bin Zuo

摘要

Impression formation is a dynamic process which individuals will update others’ impressions as the targets’ behaviors or traits change. Many past studies have found a negative bias effect on the moral impression updating. This study aimed to explore how the direction of change affected moral impression updating. Study 1 investigated the impression updating when moral traits (Study 1a) and behaviors (Study 1b) changed. Study 2 further clarified how people perceive and judge current behaviors based on past behavioral contexts. Study 3 explored the effects of self-interested and other-interested motivations on moral impression updating. The results indicated a negativity bias effect in impression updating when moral traits (Study 1a) and behaviors (Study 1b) changed with time. Consistency of behavioral expectations (cognition) and hostility (affection) served as mediators in moral impression updating (Study 2). Self-interested motivation impaired the updating of bad-to-good targets (Study 3a) and enhanced the updating of good-to-bad targets (Study 3b). Overall, this study elucidated the perceptual and judgmental processes involved in impression updating, further explaining the negativity bias effect and providing new insights for better social interaction and evaluation.