Sanctions’ Side Effects: Institutionalizing Asymmetry and Geopolitical Implications in Sino-Russian Ties
摘要
Historical experiences have already shown that sanctions can have a significant impact on international politics. However, in today’s context, there needs to be a more detailed discussion of the side effects of Western sanctions, especially their effects on the power dynamics among certain key political powers. This paper develops the framework of Institutionalized Asymmetric Symbiosis, using official reports and secondary data to analyze Western sanctions on Russia following the Russia-Ukraine war. This paper finds that sanctions have led Russia to shift its strategy significantly toward the East and have fostered an asymmetric symbiotic alliance between China and Russia. This asymmetric alliance not only gives China significant benefits but also allows China to use sanctions as a tool for political maneuvering and even draws India into the power interplay. As a result, the Western world should not only recognize the potential harm that sanctions may inflict on its own interests but also equally understand the geopolitical implications this will foster.