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Objectives <p>To evaluate rotavirus (RV) genotypes after the addition of the oral pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RVV), ROTASIIL, in the Universal Immunization Program (UIP) of Kerala.</p> Methods <p>This prospective, multicenter, observational study was conducted between November 2020 and December 2023 across three major referral hospitals in Kerala, India. Children aged &lt; 5 y admitted to the hospitals with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) were enrolled, and their stool samples were tested for RV using an enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Positive samples were then genotyped using polymerase chain reaction.</p> Results <p>In total, 666 patients were enrolled during the 3-y study period. Adequate stool samples were collected from 643 patients; of these samples, 115 were EIA-positive—an RV positivity rate of 17.9%. Genotyping was performed for 109 samples; of these samples, 53 (48.6%) were from unvaccinated children and 56 (51.4%) were from children who had received at least one dose of the RVV (ROTASIIL). G3P[8] was the most common strain isolated in children hospitalized for AGE in Kerala in the period following vaccine introduction, whereas the prevalence of G2P[4] varied throughout the study period.</p> Conclusions <p>Less than one-fifth of the samples tested were positive for RV. The findings indicate a need to closely monitor RV strains during the postvaccine introduction period to evaluate potential changes and understand the effectiveness of vaccines against different genotypes.</p>

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Genotyping of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in Kerala, India, in the Postvaccination Period (2020–2023)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月3日

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  • Aparna Namboodiripad,
  • Rose Xavier,
  • Priya Sreenivasan,
  • Vellani Thamunni Ajithkumar,
  • Madona Devassikutty Fiji,
  • Shermin Nasreen Abdul Jaleel,
  • Gibi George,
  • Nithya Thuruthiyath,
  • Varsha Sudhir Chaudhary,
  • Namrata Kharat,
  • Anupama Machathi,
  • Ragavi Lingam,
  • Tintu Varghese,
  • Meera Mary Alappat

摘要

Objectives

To evaluate rotavirus (RV) genotypes after the addition of the oral pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RVV), ROTASIIL, in the Universal Immunization Program (UIP) of Kerala.

Methods

This prospective, multicenter, observational study was conducted between November 2020 and December 2023 across three major referral hospitals in Kerala, India. Children aged < 5 y admitted to the hospitals with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) were enrolled, and their stool samples were tested for RV using an enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Positive samples were then genotyped using polymerase chain reaction.

Results

In total, 666 patients were enrolled during the 3-y study period. Adequate stool samples were collected from 643 patients; of these samples, 115 were EIA-positive—an RV positivity rate of 17.9%. Genotyping was performed for 109 samples; of these samples, 53 (48.6%) were from unvaccinated children and 56 (51.4%) were from children who had received at least one dose of the RVV (ROTASIIL). G3P[8] was the most common strain isolated in children hospitalized for AGE in Kerala in the period following vaccine introduction, whereas the prevalence of G2P[4] varied throughout the study period.

Conclusions

Less than one-fifth of the samples tested were positive for RV. The findings indicate a need to closely monitor RV strains during the postvaccine introduction period to evaluate potential changes and understand the effectiveness of vaccines against different genotypes.