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<p>This review comprehensively examines recent advances in the application of small interfering RNA (siRNA) in cancer therapy. The introductory section highlights the complex mechanisms of siRNA and its critical role in gene regulation and silencing, which are essential for inhibiting cancer progression. A detailed discussion explores combination therapy approaches, focusing on how siRNA can be integrated with conventional and emerging therapeutic modalities to achieve synergistic effects. Particular emphasis is placed on the potential of these combination strategies to enhance therapeutic efficacy and improve treatment outcomes. The review also summarizes key clinical trials that provide valuable insights into the progress of siRNA-based therapeutics. Despite these advances, the clinical application of siRNA in cancer therapy continues to face significant challenges, particularly with respect to delivery systems and off-target effects. Through a critical evaluation of these opportunities and limitations, this review highlights the potential of siRNA as a promising therapeutic tool in oncology while emphasizing the need for further research to optimize its clinical translation.</p>

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Advances in applications of siRNA in cancer therapy: challenges and opportunities

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月18日

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  • Mohamad Mehrparvar,
  • Shima Shabani,
  • Farshid Oruji,
  • Saba Hajazimian,
  • Hadi Nasiri,
  • Soolmaz Khansalar,
  • Javad Behroozi,
  • Alireza Isazadeh,
  • Morteza Akbari

摘要

This review comprehensively examines recent advances in the application of small interfering RNA (siRNA) in cancer therapy. The introductory section highlights the complex mechanisms of siRNA and its critical role in gene regulation and silencing, which are essential for inhibiting cancer progression. A detailed discussion explores combination therapy approaches, focusing on how siRNA can be integrated with conventional and emerging therapeutic modalities to achieve synergistic effects. Particular emphasis is placed on the potential of these combination strategies to enhance therapeutic efficacy and improve treatment outcomes. The review also summarizes key clinical trials that provide valuable insights into the progress of siRNA-based therapeutics. Despite these advances, the clinical application of siRNA in cancer therapy continues to face significant challenges, particularly with respect to delivery systems and off-target effects. Through a critical evaluation of these opportunities and limitations, this review highlights the potential of siRNA as a promising therapeutic tool in oncology while emphasizing the need for further research to optimize its clinical translation.