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Background <p>Differentiating pulmonary nodule pathology is challenging. Pleural adhesions complicate surgery, potentially relating to nodule characteristics. This study explores the correlation between nodule pathology and pleural adhesions.</p> Methods <p>A single-center retrospective study included 539 patients with surgically resected pulmonary nodules. Pleural adhesions were graded, and univariate/multivariate analyses identified influencing factors. Prediction models and a nomogram were constructed.</p> Results <p>Benign nodules had a higher adhesion rate (54.8% vs. 17.6%) but mostly localized adhesions; malignant nodules had more extensive adhesions (7.2% vs. 1.6%). Age, benign nodules, and preoperative fibrinogen were independent factors. Fibrinogen alone (AUC = 0.907) and the combined model (AUC = 0.894) showed excellent predictive performance.</p> Conclusion <p>Benign nodules are more associated with pleural adhesions, while malignant ones cause more extensive adhesions. Age and fibrinogen are key risk factors. Fibrinogen is a reliable biomarker, and the nomogram aids individualized preoperative risk assessment.</p>

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Benign vs. malignant pulmonary nodules: pleural adhesion risks and predictors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月27日

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  • Jiaheng Zhang,
  • KEYUE Qiu,
  • Hang Chen,
  • Zeyang Hu,
  • Hongxiang Li,
  • Zijun Xie,
  • Guodong Xu

摘要

Background

Differentiating pulmonary nodule pathology is challenging. Pleural adhesions complicate surgery, potentially relating to nodule characteristics. This study explores the correlation between nodule pathology and pleural adhesions.

Methods

A single-center retrospective study included 539 patients with surgically resected pulmonary nodules. Pleural adhesions were graded, and univariate/multivariate analyses identified influencing factors. Prediction models and a nomogram were constructed.

Results

Benign nodules had a higher adhesion rate (54.8% vs. 17.6%) but mostly localized adhesions; malignant nodules had more extensive adhesions (7.2% vs. 1.6%). Age, benign nodules, and preoperative fibrinogen were independent factors. Fibrinogen alone (AUC = 0.907) and the combined model (AUC = 0.894) showed excellent predictive performance.

Conclusion

Benign nodules are more associated with pleural adhesions, while malignant ones cause more extensive adhesions. Age and fibrinogen are key risk factors. Fibrinogen is a reliable biomarker, and the nomogram aids individualized preoperative risk assessment.