A blockchain-based privacy-preserving data governance framework for Industry 5.0 smart factories
摘要
The transition toward Industry 5.0 necessitates unprecedented multi-stakeholder collaboration within smart factories, raising critical concerns regarding data privacy and access control. Traditional centralized systems prove inadequate for this paradigm shift, struggling to balance secure data sharing with system interoperability. While existing research has explored access control mechanisms and zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs), these approaches lack systematic integration and comprehensive validation. To address this gap, we propose a blockchain-enabled framework leveraging Hyperledger Fabric that cohesively integrates cryptographic and architectural mechanisms for privacy-preserving data management. Our architecture introduces a dual-layer privacy model: coarse-grained data segregation through multi-channel isolation complemented by fine-grained confidentiality via embedded zero-knowledge proofs for sensitive transactional data. This enables stakeholders to verify business rule compliance without exposing private information. Furthermore, we implement dynamic attribute-based access control (ABAC) within smart contracts for context-aware permission enforcement, overcoming static access policy limitations. Experimental evaluation demonstrates the framework’s effectiveness: maintaining consistent ZKP entropy of approximately 7.65 bits/byte for robust privacy, while achieving 21 transactions per second throughput with 3-second average latency. These results validate that our architecture delivers a practical and scalable solution for secure, privacy-preserving data governance in Industry 5.0 smart manufacturing environments.