A blockchain-based quantum-secure protocol for efficient V2I handover authentication in vehicular Ad-Hoc networks
摘要
Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) are key to advancing vehicle connectivity, reducing traffic congestion, and improving road safety. The cornerstone of this framework is authentication, which fosters trust among entities, particularly in vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I). Although many handover authentication protocols have been introduced to enhance connections between moving vehicles and roadside units (RSUs), several challenges remain. Moreover, the rise of quantum computing introduces new security threats that current methods may not withstand. To address these challenges, we present a blockchain-enabled quantum-resistant protocol for V2I handover authentication. This is a lightweight, yet resilient solution that enhances communication security in VANETs. By integrating lattice-based cryptography, the protocol provides protection against quantum adversaries, while blockchain technology increases vehicle trust and ensures data integrity. Formal security analysis within the random oracle model confirms the robustness of the protocol against known attacks. Comparative evaluations reveal that our solution achieves a well-balanced trade-off between security and efficiency.