<p>A revolution in precision agriculture has been brought by using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) with IoT applications. It introduced innovative technologies to enhance efficiency and sustainability. For precision agriculture applications, a threshold-sensitive, energy-efficient routing protocol is designed in this paper. For sensor node deployment, addressing coverage hole problem and comprehensive coverage of agriculture field, our protocol utilizes area-based Sectorization. In different Sectors heterogeneous nodes are used with varying energy levels and optimized energy consumption. Sensor nodes regularly monitor the environmental parameters such as soil moisture and temperature, then transmit data to the base station (BS) only after a fixed timer or when sensed values exceed predefined thresholds. Implementing this threshold-sensitive data transmission reduces the packet transmissions to the base station (BS), extends the network's lifetime, and improves the other quality of service (QoS) parameters. In this proposed protocol, a hybrid routing strategy is used like nodes nearer to BS use direct transmission and other distant nodes uses a fuzzy-based clustering mechanism to transmit data to BS. The proposed protocol improves Network lifetime, energy efficiency and network stability in comparison with existing approaches like UAV-WSN and CP-BMO. This novel protocol successfully balances energy consumption through a combination of fuzzy logic-based cluster head selection, static clustering, and hybrid routing techniques, making it an efficient solution for precision agriculture.</p>

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Threshold-sensitive energy efficient routing for precision agriculture

  • Shashank Singh,
  • Rohit Sharma

摘要

A revolution in precision agriculture has been brought by using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) with IoT applications. It introduced innovative technologies to enhance efficiency and sustainability. For precision agriculture applications, a threshold-sensitive, energy-efficient routing protocol is designed in this paper. For sensor node deployment, addressing coverage hole problem and comprehensive coverage of agriculture field, our protocol utilizes area-based Sectorization. In different Sectors heterogeneous nodes are used with varying energy levels and optimized energy consumption. Sensor nodes regularly monitor the environmental parameters such as soil moisture and temperature, then transmit data to the base station (BS) only after a fixed timer or when sensed values exceed predefined thresholds. Implementing this threshold-sensitive data transmission reduces the packet transmissions to the base station (BS), extends the network's lifetime, and improves the other quality of service (QoS) parameters. In this proposed protocol, a hybrid routing strategy is used like nodes nearer to BS use direct transmission and other distant nodes uses a fuzzy-based clustering mechanism to transmit data to BS. The proposed protocol improves Network lifetime, energy efficiency and network stability in comparison with existing approaches like UAV-WSN and CP-BMO. This novel protocol successfully balances energy consumption through a combination of fuzzy logic-based cluster head selection, static clustering, and hybrid routing techniques, making it an efficient solution for precision agriculture.