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<p>Tourism is a major driver of economic growth, yet its environmental impacts are increasingly concerning, particularly in countries heavily reliant on the sector. This study investigates how tourist arrivals affect ecological quality in Turkey, highlighting broader lessons for sustainability in tourism-dependent economies. Guided by the question of how tourism, urban growth, energy use, and income levels influence environmental quality under varying ecological conditions, we employ quarterly data from 1995Q1 to 2023Q4 using Quantile-on-Quantile Regression (QQR) and Multivariate Quantile-on-Quantile Regression (MQQR). Results reveal asymmetric effects: while tourism boosts economic activity, it can exacerbate environmental degradation, especially in areas with already low ecological quality. These findings emphasise the need for climate-resilient infrastructure, green innovation, and policies that balance economic benefits with environmental sustainability in the tourism sector.</p>

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Tourism, energy use, and urban growth: implications for load capacity and sustainable development

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月7日

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  • Seyi Saint Akadiri,
  • Oktay Ozkan

摘要

Tourism is a major driver of economic growth, yet its environmental impacts are increasingly concerning, particularly in countries heavily reliant on the sector. This study investigates how tourist arrivals affect ecological quality in Turkey, highlighting broader lessons for sustainability in tourism-dependent economies. Guided by the question of how tourism, urban growth, energy use, and income levels influence environmental quality under varying ecological conditions, we employ quarterly data from 1995Q1 to 2023Q4 using Quantile-on-Quantile Regression (QQR) and Multivariate Quantile-on-Quantile Regression (MQQR). Results reveal asymmetric effects: while tourism boosts economic activity, it can exacerbate environmental degradation, especially in areas with already low ecological quality. These findings emphasise the need for climate-resilient infrastructure, green innovation, and policies that balance economic benefits with environmental sustainability in the tourism sector.