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<p>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) demonstrates aggressive behavior and frequent recurrence. Multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) within tumor islands of OSCC have not been documented so far, and their potential role warrants investigation.” To investigate the occurrence, morphological spectrum, nuclear features, and association of tumor-resident MGCs with tumor cell cannibalism in OSCC. This retrospective observational study analyzed 30 preoperative OSCC cases, equally divided into MGC-positive (n = 15) and MGC-negative (n = 15) groups. MGCs within tumor islands were identified, morphologically classified (foreign body–type or Langhan’s-type), and assessed for nuclear count. Cannibalistic cells (CCs) were quantified and analysed statistically. Tumor-resident MGCs comprising foreign body–type cells engulfing keratin pearls and Langhans-type cells independent of keratin. Nuclear counts ranged from 3 to 50 (mean = 6.10 ± 10.09). CCs were observed in all cases. MGC-positive cases exhibited significantly higher CC counts than MGC-negative cases (3.07 ± 1.83 vs. 1.60 ± 0.91; p = 0.007). Strong positive correlations were observed between MGC count and CCs (r = 0.696, p &lt; 0.001) and between maximum nuclear number and CCs (r = 0.843, p &lt; 0.001). MGCs themselves demonstrated cannibalistic activity in one-third of positive cases. Tumor-resident MGCs, including both foreign body–type and Langhans-type cells, actively participate in OSCC biology and are closely linked to tumor cell cannibalism. Their presence, morphology, and nuclear burden potentially serve as surrogate markers of tumor aggressiveness. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to determine their prognostic and therapeutic significance.</p>

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Novel Identification of Tumor-Resident Foreign Body and Langhans-Type Giant Cells Within Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Islands: First Evidence and Biological Correlation with Cannibalism

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月30日

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  • R. Keerthika,
  • Akhilesh Chandra,
  • Rahul Agarwal

摘要

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) demonstrates aggressive behavior and frequent recurrence. Multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) within tumor islands of OSCC have not been documented so far, and their potential role warrants investigation.” To investigate the occurrence, morphological spectrum, nuclear features, and association of tumor-resident MGCs with tumor cell cannibalism in OSCC. This retrospective observational study analyzed 30 preoperative OSCC cases, equally divided into MGC-positive (n = 15) and MGC-negative (n = 15) groups. MGCs within tumor islands were identified, morphologically classified (foreign body–type or Langhan’s-type), and assessed for nuclear count. Cannibalistic cells (CCs) were quantified and analysed statistically. Tumor-resident MGCs comprising foreign body–type cells engulfing keratin pearls and Langhans-type cells independent of keratin. Nuclear counts ranged from 3 to 50 (mean = 6.10 ± 10.09). CCs were observed in all cases. MGC-positive cases exhibited significantly higher CC counts than MGC-negative cases (3.07 ± 1.83 vs. 1.60 ± 0.91; p = 0.007). Strong positive correlations were observed between MGC count and CCs (r = 0.696, p < 0.001) and between maximum nuclear number and CCs (r = 0.843, p < 0.001). MGCs themselves demonstrated cannibalistic activity in one-third of positive cases. Tumor-resident MGCs, including both foreign body–type and Langhans-type cells, actively participate in OSCC biology and are closely linked to tumor cell cannibalism. Their presence, morphology, and nuclear burden potentially serve as surrogate markers of tumor aggressiveness. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to determine their prognostic and therapeutic significance.