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<p>Early childhood hearing loss significantly affects speech, language, cognitive, and social development. Cochlear implantation provides auditory access during critical periods of language acquisition; however, evaluating postoperative auditory outcomes in infants and toddlers remains challenging. The Infant–Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT-MAIS) is a caregiver-reported tool designed to assess early auditory behaviors, but a validated Hindi version has been lacking. To translate and validate the Hindi version of the IT-MAIS for use in pediatric cochlear implant recipients. This prospective observational pilot study was conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at a tertiary care center in North India over 1.5 years. The original English IT-MAIS/MAIS was translated into Hindi using forward–backward translation with expert review. Parents/guardians of children aged ≥ 9 months who had undergone cochlear implantation were enrolled. Auditory performance was assessed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-implantation using age-appropriate Hindi IT-MAIS/MAIS, along with free-field audiometry. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha (α) and McDonald’s omega (ω). Construct validity was assessed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Eighty-five completed questionnaires were analyzed (response rate: 85%). The mean age of children was 2.1 ± 0.8 years. The Hindi version demonstrated excellent internal consistency (α = 0.973; ω = 0.975). Item deletion did not significantly improve reliability. Inter-item correlations were strong and positive. Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity was significant (χ² = 1340, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and KMO was 0.939, confirming sampling adequacy. EFA revealed a single-factor structure (eigenvalue = 7.96) explaining 79.6% of total variance, with strong factor loadings (0.783–0.943). Although RMSEA indicated suboptimal fit (0.168), TLI was acceptable (0.901). The Hindi version of IT-MAIS/MAIS demonstrates excellent reliability and satisfactory construct validity, supporting its use as a culturally appropriate tool for assessing auditory integration outcomes in pediatric cochlear implant recipients in India.</p>

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Validation of the Hindi Version of the Infant–Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT-MAIS) in Pediatric Cochlear Implant Recipients

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月30日

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  • Shahshank Srivasatava,
  • Taruni Lalchandani,
  • Ashish Chandra Agarwal,
  • Shiva Tiwari,
  • Sugandha Jauhari

摘要

Early childhood hearing loss significantly affects speech, language, cognitive, and social development. Cochlear implantation provides auditory access during critical periods of language acquisition; however, evaluating postoperative auditory outcomes in infants and toddlers remains challenging. The Infant–Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT-MAIS) is a caregiver-reported tool designed to assess early auditory behaviors, but a validated Hindi version has been lacking. To translate and validate the Hindi version of the IT-MAIS for use in pediatric cochlear implant recipients. This prospective observational pilot study was conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at a tertiary care center in North India over 1.5 years. The original English IT-MAIS/MAIS was translated into Hindi using forward–backward translation with expert review. Parents/guardians of children aged ≥ 9 months who had undergone cochlear implantation were enrolled. Auditory performance was assessed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-implantation using age-appropriate Hindi IT-MAIS/MAIS, along with free-field audiometry. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha (α) and McDonald’s omega (ω). Construct validity was assessed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Eighty-five completed questionnaires were analyzed (response rate: 85%). The mean age of children was 2.1 ± 0.8 years. The Hindi version demonstrated excellent internal consistency (α = 0.973; ω = 0.975). Item deletion did not significantly improve reliability. Inter-item correlations were strong and positive. Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity was significant (χ² = 1340, p < 0.001), and KMO was 0.939, confirming sampling adequacy. EFA revealed a single-factor structure (eigenvalue = 7.96) explaining 79.6% of total variance, with strong factor loadings (0.783–0.943). Although RMSEA indicated suboptimal fit (0.168), TLI was acceptable (0.901). The Hindi version of IT-MAIS/MAIS demonstrates excellent reliability and satisfactory construct validity, supporting its use as a culturally appropriate tool for assessing auditory integration outcomes in pediatric cochlear implant recipients in India.