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<p>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major public health concern with rising trends particularly in developing countries such as India. Depth of invasion (DOI) and tumour thickness (TT) are well-established prognostic parameters and are integral to the 8th edition of the AJCC TNM staging system of oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Accurate preoperative radiological assessment of these parameters may aid surgical planning and prognostication; however, histopathology remains the reference standard. This study aimed to evaluate the concordance between radiological and histopathological measurements of depth of invasion and tumour thickness in OSCC. A retrospective observational study was conducted over two years, which including patients with surgically treated OSCC who had preoperative MRI imaging. Radiological DOI and TT were measured on MRI and corresponding histopathological measurements were obtained from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded resection specimens.&#xa0;A significant positive correlation was observed between radiological and histopathological tumour thickness (<i>r</i> = 0.64, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and depth of invasion (<i>r</i> = 0.59, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Mean radiological and histopathological measurements showed close agreement. Lymph node metastasis was significantly associated with poorer histological grade (<i>p</i> = 0.002) and with a greater number of involved nodes (<i>p</i> = 0.005). Concordance between radiological and pathological T and N staging was moderate but not statistically significant.&#xa0;MRI-based assessment of tumour thickness and depth of invasion correlates well with histopathological measurements in OSCC, supporting its role as a reliable preoperative adjunct. However, histopathology remains the gold standard for definitive staging and prognostication. This is the first study from Northern India to demonstrate such radiological–histopathological correlation, providing valuable regional evidence to support integrated imaging-pathology approaches in OSCC management.</p>

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Correlation Between Radiological and Histopathological Assessment of Depth of Invasion and Tumour Thickness in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in North Indian Population

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月11日

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  • Sabina Khan,
  • Fatima Khan,
  • Durre Aden,
  • Nehal Ahmad,
  • Abhinav Jain,
  • Arun Prakash Sharma

摘要

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major public health concern with rising trends particularly in developing countries such as India. Depth of invasion (DOI) and tumour thickness (TT) are well-established prognostic parameters and are integral to the 8th edition of the AJCC TNM staging system of oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Accurate preoperative radiological assessment of these parameters may aid surgical planning and prognostication; however, histopathology remains the reference standard. This study aimed to evaluate the concordance between radiological and histopathological measurements of depth of invasion and tumour thickness in OSCC. A retrospective observational study was conducted over two years, which including patients with surgically treated OSCC who had preoperative MRI imaging. Radiological DOI and TT were measured on MRI and corresponding histopathological measurements were obtained from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded resection specimens. A significant positive correlation was observed between radiological and histopathological tumour thickness (r = 0.64, p < 0.001) and depth of invasion (r = 0.59, p < 0.001). Mean radiological and histopathological measurements showed close agreement. Lymph node metastasis was significantly associated with poorer histological grade (p = 0.002) and with a greater number of involved nodes (p = 0.005). Concordance between radiological and pathological T and N staging was moderate but not statistically significant. MRI-based assessment of tumour thickness and depth of invasion correlates well with histopathological measurements in OSCC, supporting its role as a reliable preoperative adjunct. However, histopathology remains the gold standard for definitive staging and prognostication. This is the first study from Northern India to demonstrate such radiological–histopathological correlation, providing valuable regional evidence to support integrated imaging-pathology approaches in OSCC management.