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Aim <p>To assess the relationship between middle ear function and severity of allergic manifestations in patients presenting with persistent allergic rhinitis with no pre-existing otologic complaints.</p> Materials and Methods <p>Patients presenting with persistent allergic rhinitis were identified and categorized according to the ARIA classification into Mild or Moderate-severe. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy was done to corroborate findings. A detailed history, followed by otoscopic examination was done to exclude any apparent pre-existing otologic disorder. Pure tone audiometry (PTA) and tympanometry were carried out to assess middle ear function. Results were compared against controls matched for age and sex.</p> Results <p>140 patients were chosen for the study. 62 had mild and 78 had moderate-severe persistent disease. Hearing impairment was present in 4.29% controls, whereas 43.55% patients of the first group and 57.69% patients of the second group had impaired hearing.(<i>p</i> = 0.003) 70.37% of those with mild persistent disease had unilateral hearing impairment, whereas 68.89% of those with moderate-severe persistent disease had bilateral impairment.(<i>p</i> = 0.002) 82.86% had mild hearing loss in those in the first group with mild disease, whereas 40.79% had mild and 56.58% had moderate hearing impairment in the second category.(<i>p</i> = 003) 74.19% of the first category had A curves whereas only 55.13% in the second group had normal tympanograms. Hence patients with persistent allergic rhinitis had increased risk of developing middle ear dysfunction as compared to controls, and the risk was higher in those with moderate-severe disease.</p> Conclusion <p>Allergic rhinitis can result in gradual involvement of the eustachian tube, and in turn, the middle ear. This can result in a variety of otologic manifestations, which may progress to life-threatening complications. Hence, patients should be extensively investigated since early detection of auditory dysfunction and subsequent institution of primary preventive measures can prevent the onset of far more dreaded sequelae.</p>

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Silent Middle Ear Dysfunction in Patients with Persistent Allergic Rhinitis: A Case Control Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月7日

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  • Yashodeep Mukherjee,
  • Soumik Saha,
  • Apurba Sarkar,
  • Titas Kar,
  • Aqeeb Ashraf,
  • Tamajit Sau

摘要

Aim

To assess the relationship between middle ear function and severity of allergic manifestations in patients presenting with persistent allergic rhinitis with no pre-existing otologic complaints.

Materials and Methods

Patients presenting with persistent allergic rhinitis were identified and categorized according to the ARIA classification into Mild or Moderate-severe. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy was done to corroborate findings. A detailed history, followed by otoscopic examination was done to exclude any apparent pre-existing otologic disorder. Pure tone audiometry (PTA) and tympanometry were carried out to assess middle ear function. Results were compared against controls matched for age and sex.

Results

140 patients were chosen for the study. 62 had mild and 78 had moderate-severe persistent disease. Hearing impairment was present in 4.29% controls, whereas 43.55% patients of the first group and 57.69% patients of the second group had impaired hearing.(p = 0.003) 70.37% of those with mild persistent disease had unilateral hearing impairment, whereas 68.89% of those with moderate-severe persistent disease had bilateral impairment.(p = 0.002) 82.86% had mild hearing loss in those in the first group with mild disease, whereas 40.79% had mild and 56.58% had moderate hearing impairment in the second category.(p = 003) 74.19% of the first category had A curves whereas only 55.13% in the second group had normal tympanograms. Hence patients with persistent allergic rhinitis had increased risk of developing middle ear dysfunction as compared to controls, and the risk was higher in those with moderate-severe disease.

Conclusion

Allergic rhinitis can result in gradual involvement of the eustachian tube, and in turn, the middle ear. This can result in a variety of otologic manifestations, which may progress to life-threatening complications. Hence, patients should be extensively investigated since early detection of auditory dysfunction and subsequent institution of primary preventive measures can prevent the onset of far more dreaded sequelae.