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Objective <p>The present study was conducted aiming to analyze the differential immunoexpression of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF-1R) in the surface epithelium and the tumor-invasive front across varying grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) and to determine any association between the pattern of expression of the biomarker and prognostication of patients with OSCC.</p> Materials and Methods <p>The present prospective, longitudinal, ex-vivo study involved 43 cases of histopathologically confirmed OSCC. Immunohistochemistry was performed using IGF-1R antibodies to analyze the biomarker in the surface epithelium and the invasive font of the tumor. The percentage of positive cells, intensity of staining and pattern of staining were recorded for each case. Total immunoreactive score was calculated. Treatment details and survival status of the patients were recorded for a follow-up period of 55 months. Data were entered into an MS Excel sheet and subjected to suitable statistical analysis.</p> Results <p>93.02% of OSCC cases exhibited positive expression of IGF-1R. No significant association could be established between the frequency of staining patterns—nuclear (N), membranous (M), cytoplasmic (C), or their combinations—across the different grades of OSCC. The mean total immunoexpression of IGF-1R was highest for poorly differentiated OSCC (PDOSCC) (8.3) followed by moderately differentiated OSCC (MDOSCC) (7.5), and the least for well-differentiated OSCC (WDOSCC) (6.2). No significant difference was observed in the mean total immunoreactive score for membranous (<i>p</i> = 0.260), cytoplasmic (<i>p</i> = 0.053), and nuclear (0.317) expression among different grades of OSCC. A statistically significant difference was observed in the survival of patients with IGF-1R expression which was greater for those having less than 7 score of total IGF-1R expression.</p> Conclusion <p>IGF-1R immunoexpression can aid pathologists in the prognostication of OSCC. The expression of the biomarker transitions from membrane to cytoplasmic to nucleus with increasing aggressiveness of the lesion and is more so in the invasive front than the surface epithelium.</p>

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Expression of IGF-1R in the Surface Epithelium Versus Invasive Front across Different Grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: an Immunohistochemistry Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月20日

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  • Vivek Nayyar,
  • Sanpreet Singh Sachdev,
  • Kiran Jot,
  • Rewa Malhotra,
  • Beryl Rachel J.,
  • Varun Surya,
  • Deepika Mishra

摘要

Objective

The present study was conducted aiming to analyze the differential immunoexpression of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF-1R) in the surface epithelium and the tumor-invasive front across varying grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) and to determine any association between the pattern of expression of the biomarker and prognostication of patients with OSCC.

Materials and Methods

The present prospective, longitudinal, ex-vivo study involved 43 cases of histopathologically confirmed OSCC. Immunohistochemistry was performed using IGF-1R antibodies to analyze the biomarker in the surface epithelium and the invasive font of the tumor. The percentage of positive cells, intensity of staining and pattern of staining were recorded for each case. Total immunoreactive score was calculated. Treatment details and survival status of the patients were recorded for a follow-up period of 55 months. Data were entered into an MS Excel sheet and subjected to suitable statistical analysis.

Results

93.02% of OSCC cases exhibited positive expression of IGF-1R. No significant association could be established between the frequency of staining patterns—nuclear (N), membranous (M), cytoplasmic (C), or their combinations—across the different grades of OSCC. The mean total immunoexpression of IGF-1R was highest for poorly differentiated OSCC (PDOSCC) (8.3) followed by moderately differentiated OSCC (MDOSCC) (7.5), and the least for well-differentiated OSCC (WDOSCC) (6.2). No significant difference was observed in the mean total immunoreactive score for membranous (p = 0.260), cytoplasmic (p = 0.053), and nuclear (0.317) expression among different grades of OSCC. A statistically significant difference was observed in the survival of patients with IGF-1R expression which was greater for those having less than 7 score of total IGF-1R expression.

Conclusion

IGF-1R immunoexpression can aid pathologists in the prognostication of OSCC. The expression of the biomarker transitions from membrane to cytoplasmic to nucleus with increasing aggressiveness of the lesion and is more so in the invasive front than the surface epithelium.