<p>Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic, progressive disease prevalent in Southeast Asia, characterized by fibrosis of the oral mucosa and oropharynx. It poses a significant risk of malignant transformation, with rates as high as 30%. The primary clinical symptom is trismus, the inability to fully open the mouth, severely affecting oral function. This scoping review explores the surgical management of OSMF, which becomes necessary when conservative treatments fail, particularly in severe trismus cases. Surgical options primarily focus on the excision of fibrotic bands, either via scalpel or laser, often followed by reconstructive procedures. These reconstructions typically involve the use of various grafts and flaps, such as nasolabial flaps and buccal fat pads. Some studies incorporate adjunctive procedures like coronoidectomies or muscle myotomies to improve jaw mobility further. However, literature in this field is highly fragmented, with wide variations in surgical techniques, patient populations, and post-operative care protocols. Consequently, drawing firm conclusions about the best surgical methods is challenging due to the limited number of participants and short follow-up periods in many studies. Additionally, the absence of controlled studies comparing the effectiveness of different surgical approaches underscores the need for more rigorous research. Standardized treatment protocols and long-term follow-up studies would help establish more definitive conclusions about the optimal management strategies for OSMF.</p>