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<p>The specialty of congenital heart surgery has met with numerous challenges in the current era, with the changing landscape towards catheter-based interventional procedures, increasing complexity of procedures because of sequelae from previously corrected cardiac lesions, and the constant scrutiny of outcomes in the public domain. There exists an imbalance between conditions that are favorable for quality education and the achievement of the level of competency during training in the specialty. These challenges are more pronounced in the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to lack of infrastructure and funding available for training, lack of trainers, non-availability of a curriculum for training, and poor reimbursement in the specialty. However, there is a glimmer of hope with more proactive measures taken by the leadership from the specialty societal organization of various countries and various national and international non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that include establishing a structured curriculum and several medical education activities. In this article, we would like to share the status of training in congenital heart surgery at the LMICs, namely India and Malaysia, and share our experience on the status of training, the challenges, and limitations to training, and the future directions to promote high-quality training in congenital heart surgery.&#xa0;</p>

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Advancing congenital cardiac surgical training in low- and middle-income countries—challenges and opportunities

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月3日

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  • Sivakumar Sivalingam,
  • Brijesh Parayaru Kottayil,
  • Richard Andrew Jonas

摘要

The specialty of congenital heart surgery has met with numerous challenges in the current era, with the changing landscape towards catheter-based interventional procedures, increasing complexity of procedures because of sequelae from previously corrected cardiac lesions, and the constant scrutiny of outcomes in the public domain. There exists an imbalance between conditions that are favorable for quality education and the achievement of the level of competency during training in the specialty. These challenges are more pronounced in the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to lack of infrastructure and funding available for training, lack of trainers, non-availability of a curriculum for training, and poor reimbursement in the specialty. However, there is a glimmer of hope with more proactive measures taken by the leadership from the specialty societal organization of various countries and various national and international non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that include establishing a structured curriculum and several medical education activities. In this article, we would like to share the status of training in congenital heart surgery at the LMICs, namely India and Malaysia, and share our experience on the status of training, the challenges, and limitations to training, and the future directions to promote high-quality training in congenital heart surgery.