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<p>Mediastinal teratomas are germ cell tumors which account for 8–13% of mediastinal masses. Early diagnosis of malignant teratoma is the key point of effective patient management. This report presents a rare case of a mediastinal malignant teratoma in a 38-year-old pregnant woman, complicated by cardiac tamponade and massive pleural effusion. The patient experienced dyspnea on exertion and orthopnea in her 29-week gestation. Thoracic magnetic resonance imaging revealed a tumor in the anterior mediastinal region which compressed the superior vena cava. Biopsy of the mass and analysis of the pericardial fluid showed the presence of malignant cells, and histopathological evaluation verified the diagnosis of malignant teratoma. The patient subsequently underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy; however, the patient continued to experience persistent shortness of breath and the pregnancy was terminated at 33&#xa0;weeks of gestation.</p>

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Cardiac tamponade and massive pleural effusion during pregnancy: a case of mediastinal malignant teratoma

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月3日

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  • Kuky Cahya Hamurajib,
  • Nurulita Ainun Alma,
  • Meydita Fauzia Putri Insani,
  • Diah Rumekti Hadiati

摘要

Mediastinal teratomas are germ cell tumors which account for 8–13% of mediastinal masses. Early diagnosis of malignant teratoma is the key point of effective patient management. This report presents a rare case of a mediastinal malignant teratoma in a 38-year-old pregnant woman, complicated by cardiac tamponade and massive pleural effusion. The patient experienced dyspnea on exertion and orthopnea in her 29-week gestation. Thoracic magnetic resonance imaging revealed a tumor in the anterior mediastinal region which compressed the superior vena cava. Biopsy of the mass and analysis of the pericardial fluid showed the presence of malignant cells, and histopathological evaluation verified the diagnosis of malignant teratoma. The patient subsequently underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy; however, the patient continued to experience persistent shortness of breath and the pregnancy was terminated at 33 weeks of gestation.