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<p>This study investigates the efficacy of natural coagulants guar gum, neem powder, and isabgol for wastewater treatment, with performance compared across key parameters including biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC) removal, turbidity reduction, pH stability, total dissolved solids (TDS) removal, and sludge characteristics. The experimental evaluation demonstrates that <i>Moringa oleifera</i> achieved the highest pollutant removal efficiencies, recording 78.3% TOC and 93.5% turbidity reduction, indicating its superior coagulation potential. Guar gum performed best at reducing BOD (70%) and COD (69.23%), highlighting its strong organic load-reduction capability. All coagulants maintained near-neutral pH and showed moderate TDS removal, ensuring chemical stability during treatment. Among the tested materials, chitosan produced the most compact sludge with excellent settling characteristics, suggesting its suitability for minimizing sludge volume. The findings confirm that these natural coagulants are not only effective in pollutant removal but also align with principles of sustainability and environmental safety. Their biodegradability, local availability, and reduced chemical footprint make them promising alternatives to conventional synthetic coagulants for wastewater treatment applications.</p>

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Sustainable wastewater treatment using natural coagulants: Guar gum, neem, and isabgol as ecofriendly alternatives

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月18日

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  • Vishvajit B Kokate,
  • Deepak N Paithankar,
  • Girish A Kashid

摘要

This study investigates the efficacy of natural coagulants guar gum, neem powder, and isabgol for wastewater treatment, with performance compared across key parameters including biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC) removal, turbidity reduction, pH stability, total dissolved solids (TDS) removal, and sludge characteristics. The experimental evaluation demonstrates that Moringa oleifera achieved the highest pollutant removal efficiencies, recording 78.3% TOC and 93.5% turbidity reduction, indicating its superior coagulation potential. Guar gum performed best at reducing BOD (70%) and COD (69.23%), highlighting its strong organic load-reduction capability. All coagulants maintained near-neutral pH and showed moderate TDS removal, ensuring chemical stability during treatment. Among the tested materials, chitosan produced the most compact sludge with excellent settling characteristics, suggesting its suitability for minimizing sludge volume. The findings confirm that these natural coagulants are not only effective in pollutant removal but also align with principles of sustainability and environmental safety. Their biodegradability, local availability, and reduced chemical footprint make them promising alternatives to conventional synthetic coagulants for wastewater treatment applications.