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<p>This study investigates the effects of changes in loop aspect ratio on the dynamic response of coupled natural circulation loops (NCL) with single-phase laminar flow using a 1D semi-analytical model-based approach. Building on the methodology of reducing Navier–Stokes partial differential equations through a truncated Fourier series expansion, a high-order mathematical model comprising seven ordinary differential equations was derived by considering the first three Fourier modes. The model was validated against previous computational work on coupled natural circulation loops, demonstrating its ability to capture the essential dynamic response of coupled natural circulation loop systems. Dimensional variations – specifically changes in the loop’s aspect ratio – for homothetic, symmetrical, and asymmetrical loops is examined in this study with the objective of characterising system stability and performance. The findings of this study offer valuable insights into the role of geometric parameters in coupled natural circulation loops behavior and provide a robust justify foundation for future applications of model-based control in thermal-fluid systems.</p>

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Effect of loop aspect ratio on the thermal-hydraulics of a coupled natural circulation loop

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月21日

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  • Aditya Mandal,
  • S K Hasan Raja,
  • Aranyak Chakravarty,
  • Koushik Ghosh,
  • Achintya Mukhopadhyay

摘要

This study investigates the effects of changes in loop aspect ratio on the dynamic response of coupled natural circulation loops (NCL) with single-phase laminar flow using a 1D semi-analytical model-based approach. Building on the methodology of reducing Navier–Stokes partial differential equations through a truncated Fourier series expansion, a high-order mathematical model comprising seven ordinary differential equations was derived by considering the first three Fourier modes. The model was validated against previous computational work on coupled natural circulation loops, demonstrating its ability to capture the essential dynamic response of coupled natural circulation loop systems. Dimensional variations – specifically changes in the loop’s aspect ratio – for homothetic, symmetrical, and asymmetrical loops is examined in this study with the objective of characterising system stability and performance. The findings of this study offer valuable insights into the role of geometric parameters in coupled natural circulation loops behavior and provide a robust justify foundation for future applications of model-based control in thermal-fluid systems.