<p>An fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs)-concrete composite beam consists of a joint system of FRP profile and concrete section that spans longitudinally as a single unit. This study presents the critical findings of previously conducted experimental, analytical, and numerical studies on the structural behavior of FRP-concrete composite beams and their interfacial shear connections. The examined interfacial connections were classified on the basis of the type of connection medium, whereas the explored composite beam configurations were grouped on the basis of type of FRP section. The methodology followed in developing the numerical models that simulate the structural response of composite sections is summarized, and various analytical expressions that provide the ultimate load carrying capacity of the composite beam, effective stiffness of the composite section, shear capacity of the interfacial connector, and load-slip relations are compiled. Finally, the drawbacks of the current state-of-the-art and future research possibilities are discussed.</p>