Lie group method and its invariants for the extended (3+1)-dimensional dispersive Kairat-X equation
摘要
This research utilises the Lie group method of point transformations to obtain generalised invariant solutions for the extended (3+1)-dimensional dispersive Kairat-X equation, initially formulated by Wazwaz, which models the trajectory of optical pulses in fibre optics. This study systematically determines the Lie point symmetries, the corresponding vector fields and commutation relations associated with the equation. Through various symmetry reductions, the equation was transformed into the governing nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The derived solutions are more generalised, incorporate arbitrary functions and exhibit distinct characteristics compared to the previously established results. Additionally, a comparative analysis was conducted wherever applicable. Furthermore, this study explores the dynamic behaviour of these solutions, illustrating phenomena such as single-soliton annihilation, nonlinear wave evolution and curved multisoliton structures through their profiles.