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<p>Zinc-finger proteins of the Cysteine<sub>2</sub>–histidine<sub>2</sub>-type are one of the most extensively researched families in plants and are essential for abiotic stress reactions. It is unknown, yet, how they work in rice under pesticide stress. To address this, we examined the traits and roles of the rice cysteine<sub>2</sub>–histidine<sub>2</sub>-type zinc-finger protein gene family in the context of pesticide stress. Transcriptome analysis of <i>Oryza sativa</i> exposed to anilofos and bentazone highlighted the expression of eight cysteine<sub>2</sub>–histidine<sub>2</sub>-type zinc-finger protein genes. These genes were divided into four subfamilies by phylogenetic analysis. According to chromosomal mapping, the eight genes were unevenly distributed over seven of the twelve chromosomes, with segmental duplication playing a role in the expansion of gene families. Collinearity analysis revealed five orthologous gene pairs in rice, along with extra pairs that are shared with <i>Triticum aestivum</i> (19) and <i>Zea mays</i> (10), although no pairs were shared with <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> or <i>Glycine max</i>. According to in silico subcellular localization prediction, the eight genes’ encoded proteins localize in the nucleus. The zinc-finger protein genes of the cysteine<sub>2</sub>–histidine<sub>2</sub>-type were shown to have conserved domains, cis-acting elements, motif compositions, and a variety of gene architectures that enable responses to biotic and abiotic stress. Amino acid residues involved in pesticide binding were identified through docking assessments of anilofos, bentazone, and the eight encoded proteins. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction confirmed preferential expression of the genes under anilofos- and bentazone-induced stress. Protein–protein interaction networks provided further evidence that cysteine<sub>2</sub>–histidine<sub>2</sub>-type zinc-finger proteins participate in anilofos and bentazone metabolism. These findings deepen our understanding of the cysteine<sub>2</sub>–histidine<sub>2</sub>-type zinc-finger protein superfamily, offering insightful information for functional research on their functions in the metabolism of pesticides.</p>

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Systematic Identification, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of Genes Encoding C2H2-Type Zinc Finger Proteins in Rice Associated with Anilofos and Bentazone Metabolism

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月22日

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  • Ying Yu Zeng,
  • Zhi Zhong Zhou,
  • Yang Yang Mo,
  • Li Qing Zeng,
  • Xiao Lu Wang,
  • Zhi Jiang He,
  • Lan Xin Huang,
  • Dan Lu,
  • Zhao Jie Chen

摘要

Zinc-finger proteins of the Cysteine2–histidine2-type are one of the most extensively researched families in plants and are essential for abiotic stress reactions. It is unknown, yet, how they work in rice under pesticide stress. To address this, we examined the traits and roles of the rice cysteine2–histidine2-type zinc-finger protein gene family in the context of pesticide stress. Transcriptome analysis of Oryza sativa exposed to anilofos and bentazone highlighted the expression of eight cysteine2–histidine2-type zinc-finger protein genes. These genes were divided into four subfamilies by phylogenetic analysis. According to chromosomal mapping, the eight genes were unevenly distributed over seven of the twelve chromosomes, with segmental duplication playing a role in the expansion of gene families. Collinearity analysis revealed five orthologous gene pairs in rice, along with extra pairs that are shared with Triticum aestivum (19) and Zea mays (10), although no pairs were shared with Arabidopsis thaliana or Glycine max. According to in silico subcellular localization prediction, the eight genes’ encoded proteins localize in the nucleus. The zinc-finger protein genes of the cysteine2–histidine2-type were shown to have conserved domains, cis-acting elements, motif compositions, and a variety of gene architectures that enable responses to biotic and abiotic stress. Amino acid residues involved in pesticide binding were identified through docking assessments of anilofos, bentazone, and the eight encoded proteins. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction confirmed preferential expression of the genes under anilofos- and bentazone-induced stress. Protein–protein interaction networks provided further evidence that cysteine2–histidine2-type zinc-finger proteins participate in anilofos and bentazone metabolism. These findings deepen our understanding of the cysteine2–histidine2-type zinc-finger protein superfamily, offering insightful information for functional research on their functions in the metabolism of pesticides.