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<p>Groundnut, (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) is an essential component of the global edible oil production process. Comprehending phenotypic correlations and genetic variability is crucial for effective crop development. Fifty different groundnut genotypes were evaluated in this study across two seasons (Season – 1: <i>Rabi</i> 2023–2024 and Season − 2: <i>Kharif</i> 2024) in order to measure genetic advancement, heritability, phenotypic and genotypic variability, trait correlations, and multivariate linkages for yield and quality variables. All traits showed significant variability, showing that there is a lot of diversity present. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance for important yield and quality traits suggests the predominance of genetic effects. Correlation revealed that yield traits like the number of pods per plant, the number of mature pods per plant, the shelling %, and test weight were strongly correlated with yield, however oleic acid was negatively correlated with both linoleic and palmitic acid. Significant diversity was found through the formation of 10 clusters and 4 principal components, respectively, by cluster and principal component analyses. MGIDI selection revealed COG15033, COG17013, COG17040, COG17036, and COG17051 as superior genotypes. A rust resistance marker (GM1954) was confirmed to have the potential for marker-assisted selection by molecular analysis. Therefore, five elite MGIDI-selected genotypes, the validated GM1954 rust resistance marker, and some yield-associated parameters were found to be efficient selection components for simultaneously improving productivity, oil quality, and disease resistance in groundnuts.</p>

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Multivariate Analysis and Molecular Marker–Based Rust Resistance Screening in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Across Seasons

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月30日

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  • Anvesh Ellandula,
  • Kalaiyarasi R.

摘要

Groundnut, (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an essential component of the global edible oil production process. Comprehending phenotypic correlations and genetic variability is crucial for effective crop development. Fifty different groundnut genotypes were evaluated in this study across two seasons (Season – 1: Rabi 2023–2024 and Season − 2: Kharif 2024) in order to measure genetic advancement, heritability, phenotypic and genotypic variability, trait correlations, and multivariate linkages for yield and quality variables. All traits showed significant variability, showing that there is a lot of diversity present. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance for important yield and quality traits suggests the predominance of genetic effects. Correlation revealed that yield traits like the number of pods per plant, the number of mature pods per plant, the shelling %, and test weight were strongly correlated with yield, however oleic acid was negatively correlated with both linoleic and palmitic acid. Significant diversity was found through the formation of 10 clusters and 4 principal components, respectively, by cluster and principal component analyses. MGIDI selection revealed COG15033, COG17013, COG17040, COG17036, and COG17051 as superior genotypes. A rust resistance marker (GM1954) was confirmed to have the potential for marker-assisted selection by molecular analysis. Therefore, five elite MGIDI-selected genotypes, the validated GM1954 rust resistance marker, and some yield-associated parameters were found to be efficient selection components for simultaneously improving productivity, oil quality, and disease resistance in groundnuts.