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<p>The American brackish water mussel, <i>Mytella strigata</i> (Hanley, 1843), is an invasive species with a growing global footprint, recently recorded in the&#xa0;Indian coastal ecosystems. Despite its rapid spread and potential ecological impact, no genetic data are available for Indian populations. We assessed the genetic diversity and population structure of <i>M. strigata</i> with a 683 bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome <i>b</i> (cyt <i>b</i>) gene from 71 individuals collected from six locations along the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal. Sixteen haplotypes&#xa0;were&#xa0;identified. The Vembanad lake and Ennore creek populations on the Kerala/West Coast and Tamil Nadu/East Coast, respectively, had the highest haplotype and nucleotide diversity, whereas other West and East Coast populations had very low diversity. AMOVA indicated that 16.7% of the&#xa0;genetic variance occurs among populations, which contrasts with the expectation for a species with a high dispersal of planktonic larvae. The haplotype network includes both shared and population-specific haplotypes, consistent with multiple introduction events and restricted gene flow rather than range expansion from a single source. Neutrality and mismatch analyses showed no significant evidence of demographic expansion, which likely reflects the limited resolution of the short cyt <i>b</i> fragment. The invasion history of <i>M. strigata</i> in India is complex, and is characterized by independent introductions, local diversification, and constrained post-settlement dispersal.</p>

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Genetic diversity and demographic history of the invasive mussel Mytella strigata in Indian coastal waters

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月6日

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  • T. Raahavishree,
  • B. Agalya,
  • A. Pavan-Kumar,
  • S. Sangeetha,
  • A. Kathirvelpandian,
  • M. Srihari,
  • Asha T. Landge,
  • B. B. Nayak

摘要

The American brackish water mussel, Mytella strigata (Hanley, 1843), is an invasive species with a growing global footprint, recently recorded in the Indian coastal ecosystems. Despite its rapid spread and potential ecological impact, no genetic data are available for Indian populations. We assessed the genetic diversity and population structure of M. strigata with a 683 bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) gene from 71 individuals collected from six locations along the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal. Sixteen haplotypes were identified. The Vembanad lake and Ennore creek populations on the Kerala/West Coast and Tamil Nadu/East Coast, respectively, had the highest haplotype and nucleotide diversity, whereas other West and East Coast populations had very low diversity. AMOVA indicated that 16.7% of the genetic variance occurs among populations, which contrasts with the expectation for a species with a high dispersal of planktonic larvae. The haplotype network includes both shared and population-specific haplotypes, consistent with multiple introduction events and restricted gene flow rather than range expansion from a single source. Neutrality and mismatch analyses showed no significant evidence of demographic expansion, which likely reflects the limited resolution of the short cyt b fragment. The invasion history of M. strigata in India is complex, and is characterized by independent introductions, local diversification, and constrained post-settlement dispersal.