Abstract Faridabad, the most populous and rapidly urbanizing district in Haryana, has undergone a profound change in land use, primarily due to the surge in industries and employment opportunities in the Delhi-NCR region. This paper aims to investigate the LULC and the consequent changes in the environment for the district Faridabad, Haryana, India for the years 1991, 2001, 2011 and 2021 through remote sensing methods. The change detection (1991–2021) shows that the built-up area has increased from 3384.72 to 21664.7 ha, while agricultural land declined during 1991–2001 and then showed a slight increase from 2011–2021 (36081.7 ha area). Similarly, water bodies displayed a decreasing trend from 1991 to 2011 but increased subsequently in 2021. However, the barren land reflects a consistent decline from 1991 (5213.52 ha) to 2021 (4703.55 ha). Environmental indices reflect dynamic land transitions, with NDVI showing a steady rise in vegetation cover (1991–2021), while NDBI increased sharply until 2001 and declined thereafter. A ~6°C rise in mean LST by 2021 highlights thermal stress in built-up zones, supported by low MNDWI and elevated NDBaI values indicating reduced moisture and increased surface bareness. Thus, the present study can provide valuable insights into the expansion of urban areas, changes in infrastructure and the encroachment on natural and agricultural lands, thereby helping urban planners understand urban growth patterns and consequent impacts on infrastructure development and resource allocation. Research highlights <UnorderedList Mark="Bullet"> <ItemContent> The highlights of the research work include the comprehensive data analysis spanning three decades (1991–2021), the clear identification of patterns in urban growth and environmental changes and the practical insights into urban planning and environmental management. </ItemContent> <ItemContent> The study effectively correlates urbanization with rising land surface temperatures, offering valuable insights for sustainable development. </ItemContent> <ItemContent> The study’s findings on the impact of urbanization on ecological areas, such as the Aravalli range, offer new perspectives that could inform future urban planning and environmental management policies. </ItemContent> </UnorderedList>

Spatial dynamics of land use (1991–2021) and its impact on environmental health: A case study of the most populous district of Haryana

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2025年11月26日

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Pooja Yadav,
Shruti Dutta,
Deepika Pandey,
Rakesh Kumar Ranjan

摘要

Abstract

Faridabad, the most populous and rapidly urbanizing district in Haryana, has undergone a profound change in land use, primarily due to the surge in industries and employment opportunities in the Delhi-NCR region. This paper aims to investigate the LULC and the consequent changes in the environment for the district Faridabad, Haryana, India for the years 1991, 2001, 2011 and 2021 through remote sensing methods. The change detection (1991–2021) shows that the built-up area has increased from 3384.72 to 21664.7 ha, while agricultural land declined during 1991–2001 and then showed a slight increase from 2011–2021 (36081.7 ha area). Similarly, water bodies displayed a decreasing trend from 1991 to 2011 but increased subsequently in 2021. However, the barren land reflects a consistent decline from 1991 (5213.52 ha) to 2021 (4703.55 ha). Environmental indices reflect dynamic land transitions, with NDVI showing a steady rise in vegetation cover (1991–2021), while NDBI increased sharply until 2001 and declined thereafter. A ~6°C rise in mean LST by 2021 highlights thermal stress in built-up zones, supported by low MNDWI and elevated NDBaI values indicating reduced moisture and increased surface bareness. Thus, the present study can provide valuable insights into the expansion of urban areas, changes in infrastructure and the encroachment on natural and agricultural lands, thereby helping urban planners understand urban growth patterns and consequent impacts on infrastructure development and resource allocation.

Research highlights

The highlights of the research work include the comprehensive data analysis spanning three decades (1991–2021), the clear identification of patterns in urban growth and environmental changes and the practical insights into urban planning and environmental management.

The study effectively correlates urbanization with rising land surface temperatures, offering valuable insights for sustainable development.

The study’s findings on the impact of urbanization on ecological areas, such as the Aravalli range, offer new perspectives that could inform future urban planning and environmental management policies.