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Abstract <p>The present study aims to model the amplification in the primary phase of the vertical component generated during the Tohoku earthquake on 11th March 2011 (<i>M</i><sub><i>w</i></sub> 9.0). The primary phase of the vertical motion generally consists of P-SV waves. The observed records from the rock site at the borehole and surface of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake clearly show that there is a notable amount of amplification in the P-SV phase of the ground motion when energy reaches the surface of the earth. The amplification occurred in the P-SV wave while energy propagated from the borehole to the surface. Therefore, detailed modelling of shallow subsurface structure in a highly undulating terrain is performed using the finite difference technique. This is one of the methods that completely utilizes the detailed subsurface characteristics and topography for synthetically generating the particle motion at the surface. A comparison of simulated and observed P-SV records at the surface in terms of root mean square error of waveforms, their response spectra, and peak values, which clearly provides a satisfactory answer to the observations regarding the amplification in P-SV waves.</p> Research highlights <p><UnorderedList Mark="Bullet"> <ItemContent> <p>Strong ground motion data from the 2011 Tohoku earthquake is used for the study.</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>Amplification in the P-SV phase of the observed vertical component from borehole to surface is noticed.</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>A finite difference modelling technique is used to model the amplification of P-SV waves.</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>Qualitative and quantitative comparison of observed and simulated P-SV shows the efficacy of finite difference modelling techniques in studying amplification effects in P-SV waves.</p> </ItemContent> </UnorderedList></p>

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Modelling of amplification of P-SV waves in an elastic medium using finite difference modelling technique

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月27日

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  • Saurabh Sharma,
  • A Joshi,
  • Mohit Pandey,
  • Jyoti Singh,
  • Richa Rastogi,
  • Abhishek Srivastava,
  • Nithu Mangalath,
  • Ashutosh Singh

摘要

Abstract

The present study aims to model the amplification in the primary phase of the vertical component generated during the Tohoku earthquake on 11th March 2011 (Mw 9.0). The primary phase of the vertical motion generally consists of P-SV waves. The observed records from the rock site at the borehole and surface of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake clearly show that there is a notable amount of amplification in the P-SV phase of the ground motion when energy reaches the surface of the earth. The amplification occurred in the P-SV wave while energy propagated from the borehole to the surface. Therefore, detailed modelling of shallow subsurface structure in a highly undulating terrain is performed using the finite difference technique. This is one of the methods that completely utilizes the detailed subsurface characteristics and topography for synthetically generating the particle motion at the surface. A comparison of simulated and observed P-SV records at the surface in terms of root mean square error of waveforms, their response spectra, and peak values, which clearly provides a satisfactory answer to the observations regarding the amplification in P-SV waves.

Research highlights

Strong ground motion data from the 2011 Tohoku earthquake is used for the study.

Amplification in the P-SV phase of the observed vertical component from borehole to surface is noticed.

A finite difference modelling technique is used to model the amplification of P-SV waves.

Qualitative and quantitative comparison of observed and simulated P-SV shows the efficacy of finite difference modelling techniques in studying amplification effects in P-SV waves.