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<p>Climate change studies began to emerge more frequently as global water demand increased and surface water availability decreased. Additionally, human influences have led rainfall-induced risks to grow in intensity and frequency over the last several decades. This study conducts a thorough analysis of the spatiotemporal variability of rainfall patterns in increasingly urbanizing districts of Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar of the State of Gujarat, India. Utilizing station-wise data spanning from 1921 to 2020 obtained from the India Meteorological Department (IMD) of 15 stations, we conducted&#xa0;detailed analyses on monthly, annual, seasonal, and decadal scales. Box plot analysis and inverse distance weighting (IDW) revealed significant regional variability in rainfall distribution, with station nine near Ahmedabad receiving the greatest annual rainfall and station 15 near Dahegam receiving the least. Furthermore, homogeneity tests using Pettitt’s and the standard normal homogeneity test (SNHT) found substantial temporal variations in rainfall patterns, notably around 1974, indicating the possible impact of climate change. Mann–Kendall, Sen’s slope, modified Mann–Kendall, and innovative trend analysis were used to identify significant changes in rainfall. The monsoon months showed a consistent increasing trend of rainfall, but non-monsoon months showed largely declining trends. Thus, this study gives important insights into the spatiotemporal dynamics of rainfall in increasingly urbanizing areas.</p>

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Spatiotemporal analysis of rainfall variability – a case study of Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar districts, Gujarat, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月26日

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  • Sejal Chandel,
  • V L Manekar,
  • J N Patel

摘要

Climate change studies began to emerge more frequently as global water demand increased and surface water availability decreased. Additionally, human influences have led rainfall-induced risks to grow in intensity and frequency over the last several decades. This study conducts a thorough analysis of the spatiotemporal variability of rainfall patterns in increasingly urbanizing districts of Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar of the State of Gujarat, India. Utilizing station-wise data spanning from 1921 to 2020 obtained from the India Meteorological Department (IMD) of 15 stations, we conducted detailed analyses on monthly, annual, seasonal, and decadal scales. Box plot analysis and inverse distance weighting (IDW) revealed significant regional variability in rainfall distribution, with station nine near Ahmedabad receiving the greatest annual rainfall and station 15 near Dahegam receiving the least. Furthermore, homogeneity tests using Pettitt’s and the standard normal homogeneity test (SNHT) found substantial temporal variations in rainfall patterns, notably around 1974, indicating the possible impact of climate change. Mann–Kendall, Sen’s slope, modified Mann–Kendall, and innovative trend analysis were used to identify significant changes in rainfall. The monsoon months showed a consistent increasing trend of rainfall, but non-monsoon months showed largely declining trends. Thus, this study gives important insights into the spatiotemporal dynamics of rainfall in increasingly urbanizing areas.