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<p>A novel and efficient protocol has been established for the synthesis of piperidine-containing tetrahydropyridines via a multicomponent reaction involving aromatic amines, aromatic aldehydes and methyl acetoacetate as starting materials. The reaction, catalysed by a reusable deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride-oxalic acid) under ultrasonic irradiation, proceeds under ambient conditions, yielding substituted tetrahydropyridines with high efficiency. The protocol offers several advantages, including excellent functional group tolerance, high yields, short reaction times, and eco-friendly solvent-free conditions, making it a cost-effective and sustainable approach.</p> Graphical abstract <p><i>Synopsis.</i> A mild and eco-friendly procedure has been established for the synthesis of piperidine-containing tetrahydropyridines using deep eutectic solvent (ChCl-OA) under ultrasonic irradiation. The method offers several advantages, including rapid kinetics, high yields, short reaction times, simple work-up, broad substrate scope tolerance, and product isolation without column chromatography, etc.</p>

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Choline chloride-oxalic acid based deep eutectic solvent: A versatile catalyst for one-pot multicomponent synthesis of highly functionalised tetrahydropyridine

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月17日

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  • Roopali T Biradar,
  • Vrushabh D Pare,
  • Rahul S Hire,
  • Yatin U Gadkari

摘要

A novel and efficient protocol has been established for the synthesis of piperidine-containing tetrahydropyridines via a multicomponent reaction involving aromatic amines, aromatic aldehydes and methyl acetoacetate as starting materials. The reaction, catalysed by a reusable deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride-oxalic acid) under ultrasonic irradiation, proceeds under ambient conditions, yielding substituted tetrahydropyridines with high efficiency. The protocol offers several advantages, including excellent functional group tolerance, high yields, short reaction times, and eco-friendly solvent-free conditions, making it a cost-effective and sustainable approach.

Graphical abstract

Synopsis. A mild and eco-friendly procedure has been established for the synthesis of piperidine-containing tetrahydropyridines using deep eutectic solvent (ChCl-OA) under ultrasonic irradiation. The method offers several advantages, including rapid kinetics, high yields, short reaction times, simple work-up, broad substrate scope tolerance, and product isolation without column chromatography, etc.