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<p>The increasing demand for LED-based products highlights the importance of addressing discoloration in silicone encapsulants resulting from photodegradation and thermal aging. This research aims to mitigate these degradation phenomena by incorporating a hybrid optical material, specifically iron-titanium dioxide (Fe/TiO<sub>2</sub>) particles, into silicone films. Fe/TiO<sub>2</sub> particles were synthesized via the precipitation method, with key parameters, including the Fe/TTIP molar ratio, pH, and calcination temperature, optimized to suppress photocatalytic activity. The photodegradation of methylene blue was employed to evaluate the efficiency of the synthesized hybrid particles in suppressing photocatalytic activity. The selected Fe/TiO<sub>2</sub> particles were incorporated into room temperature vulcanizing (RTV) silicone films by spin-coating them onto a polycarbonate substrate and further assessed with high accelerated testing (weathering test) to evaluate the chromaticity and surface properties of the silicone films. Characterization techniques such as FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, UV-Vis spectroscopy, colorimetry, optical microscopy, and TGA were employed to analyze the Fe/TiO<sub>2</sub> particles and silicone films. Fe/TiO<sub>2</sub> particles synthesized under the conditions of FT755 (7.5% Fe/TTIP, pH 5, and 500&#xa0;°C calcination temperature) exhibited the lowest photodegradation efficiency at 2.84%, making them the optimal choice. XRD analysis showed that FT755’s rutile phase contributed to the suppression of photocatalytic activity. The incorporation of the optimized sample FT755 into the RTV silicone films resulted in the lowest yellowing index (1.03) and total color difference (1.22) compared to films with commercial TiO<sub>2</sub>.</p>

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Discoloration analysis and high accelerated testing of hybrid optical materials (Fe/TiO2) in LED-based products

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月19日

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  • Sunderishwary S. Muniandy,
  • Lim Fang Li,
  • Swee-Yong Pung,
  • Quah Hock Jin,
  • Sivakumar Ramakrishnan

摘要

The increasing demand for LED-based products highlights the importance of addressing discoloration in silicone encapsulants resulting from photodegradation and thermal aging. This research aims to mitigate these degradation phenomena by incorporating a hybrid optical material, specifically iron-titanium dioxide (Fe/TiO2) particles, into silicone films. Fe/TiO2 particles were synthesized via the precipitation method, with key parameters, including the Fe/TTIP molar ratio, pH, and calcination temperature, optimized to suppress photocatalytic activity. The photodegradation of methylene blue was employed to evaluate the efficiency of the synthesized hybrid particles in suppressing photocatalytic activity. The selected Fe/TiO2 particles were incorporated into room temperature vulcanizing (RTV) silicone films by spin-coating them onto a polycarbonate substrate and further assessed with high accelerated testing (weathering test) to evaluate the chromaticity and surface properties of the silicone films. Characterization techniques such as FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, UV-Vis spectroscopy, colorimetry, optical microscopy, and TGA were employed to analyze the Fe/TiO2 particles and silicone films. Fe/TiO2 particles synthesized under the conditions of FT755 (7.5% Fe/TTIP, pH 5, and 500 °C calcination temperature) exhibited the lowest photodegradation efficiency at 2.84%, making them the optimal choice. XRD analysis showed that FT755’s rutile phase contributed to the suppression of photocatalytic activity. The incorporation of the optimized sample FT755 into the RTV silicone films resulted in the lowest yellowing index (1.03) and total color difference (1.22) compared to films with commercial TiO2.