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<p>Over the years, research related to Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO<sub>3</sub> or BFO) has gained pace, as it is one of the few materials that exhibit single-phase multiferroicity. Researchers have consistently endeavoured to optimize processing techniques, stabilize crystal symmetry and microstructure, enhance magnetoelectric coupling, and thereby expand the range of applications of BFO via doping or creating solid solutions. In this study, strontium (Sr) and titanium (Ti) are chosen and concurrently doped at the A- and B-sites of BFO to develop the (Bi<sub>0.5</sub>Sr<sub>0.5</sub>)(Fe<sub>0.5</sub>Ti<sub>0.5</sub>)O<sub>3</sub> ceramic. A PC-controlled impedance analyzer is used to assess the electrical parameters of the sample as a function of frequency (1 kHz–5 MHz) at multiple temperatures (room temperature 500°C). A thorough examination of complex impedance and complex modulus parameters reveals that the sample goes through a relaxation phenomenon that deviates from the ideal Debye-like behaviour. The role of bulk/grain and grain boundary effects on the impedance parameter is visualized by the Nyquist plot. The AC conductivity response of the sample aligns well with Jonscher’s power law. The disparity amongst the calculated activation values through the relaxation time plot and the DC conductivity plot indicates that separate charge carriers are involved in the conduction and relaxation phenomena. Additionally, the negative temperature coefficient of resistance property of the sample is disclosed, indicating its applicability for semiconducting usages.</p>

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Conduction phenomenon and relaxation dynamics in (Bi0.5Sr0.5)(Fe0.5Ti0.5)O3 ceramic

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月24日

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  • B N Parida,
  • R Chakravarty,
  • R K Parida

摘要

Over the years, research related to Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3 or BFO) has gained pace, as it is one of the few materials that exhibit single-phase multiferroicity. Researchers have consistently endeavoured to optimize processing techniques, stabilize crystal symmetry and microstructure, enhance magnetoelectric coupling, and thereby expand the range of applications of BFO via doping or creating solid solutions. In this study, strontium (Sr) and titanium (Ti) are chosen and concurrently doped at the A- and B-sites of BFO to develop the (Bi0.5Sr0.5)(Fe0.5Ti0.5)O3 ceramic. A PC-controlled impedance analyzer is used to assess the electrical parameters of the sample as a function of frequency (1 kHz–5 MHz) at multiple temperatures (room temperature 500°C). A thorough examination of complex impedance and complex modulus parameters reveals that the sample goes through a relaxation phenomenon that deviates from the ideal Debye-like behaviour. The role of bulk/grain and grain boundary effects on the impedance parameter is visualized by the Nyquist plot. The AC conductivity response of the sample aligns well with Jonscher’s power law. The disparity amongst the calculated activation values through the relaxation time plot and the DC conductivity plot indicates that separate charge carriers are involved in the conduction and relaxation phenomena. Additionally, the negative temperature coefficient of resistance property of the sample is disclosed, indicating its applicability for semiconducting usages.