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<p><i>Tragopogon dubius</i> Scop. is consumed as a vegetable and is well known for its numerous ethnomedicinal properties to treat gastrointestinal, kidney, liver dysfunction, inflamed skin, wounds and certain cutaneous diseases. The present study aimed to determine the antioxidant potential, cytotoxicity towards different cancer cells, and genotoxic effect of essential oil of <i>T. dubius</i> (Trd-EO) obtained from stem and leaves through hydro distillation. Trd-EO exhibited moderate radical scavenging activity in all antioxidant assays, displayed an effective concentration (EC<sub>50</sub>) value of 153.77&#xa0;μg/mL, 126.85&#xa0;μg/mL, 115.74&#xa0;μg/mL, and 120.76&#xa0;μg/mL, in DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and Superoxide radical scavenging assays respectively. Trd-EO has moderate phenolic (15.86&#xa0;mg RE/gdw,) and flavonoid (19.88&#xa0;mg GAE/g dw) contents. Single-cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay) for genotoxicity of Trd-EO of <i>T. dubius</i> showed no significant genotoxic and cytotoxic signs at 25&#xa0;μg/mL to 200&#xa0;μg/mL in human lymphocytes. Results through MTT for cytotoxicity analysis showed that <i>T. dubius</i> obtained Trd-EO-possessed potent toxicity against human Breast (MCF-7), human glioblastoma (LN-18), human lung (A-549) and human colon (HCT-116) cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Trd-EO possessed the selective and highest cytotoxicity towards MCF-7 and LN-18 cancer cell lines, reduced over 50% cell growth at the concentration of 24.37&#xa0;μg/mL and 36.72&#xa0;μg/mL, and cytomorphological studies indicated the apoptotic effect of the essential oil. GCMS and GCGCTOFMS profiling of Trd-EO revealed 23 and 61 phytoconstituents belonged to fatty acids, aldehydes, alcohols, ketone derivatives, ester derivatives, alkanes and other fatty acid derivatives. As expected for oil extraction, fatty acid derivatives were majorly present.</p>

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Essential oil from Tragopogon dubius selectively inhibits breast (MCF-7) and glioblastoma (LN-18) cancer cell proliferation; insights into antioxidant, genoprotective potential, and GCMS, GCGCTOFMS-based profiling

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月5日

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  • Sheikh Showkat Ahmad,
  • Chandni,
  • Dalia Fouad,
  • Islam Abdulrahim Alredah,
  • Aashaq Hussain Bhat,
  • Satwinderjeet Kaur

摘要

Tragopogon dubius Scop. is consumed as a vegetable and is well known for its numerous ethnomedicinal properties to treat gastrointestinal, kidney, liver dysfunction, inflamed skin, wounds and certain cutaneous diseases. The present study aimed to determine the antioxidant potential, cytotoxicity towards different cancer cells, and genotoxic effect of essential oil of T. dubius (Trd-EO) obtained from stem and leaves through hydro distillation. Trd-EO exhibited moderate radical scavenging activity in all antioxidant assays, displayed an effective concentration (EC50) value of 153.77 μg/mL, 126.85 μg/mL, 115.74 μg/mL, and 120.76 μg/mL, in DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and Superoxide radical scavenging assays respectively. Trd-EO has moderate phenolic (15.86 mg RE/gdw,) and flavonoid (19.88 mg GAE/g dw) contents. Single-cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay) for genotoxicity of Trd-EO of T. dubius showed no significant genotoxic and cytotoxic signs at 25 μg/mL to 200 μg/mL in human lymphocytes. Results through MTT for cytotoxicity analysis showed that T. dubius obtained Trd-EO-possessed potent toxicity against human Breast (MCF-7), human glioblastoma (LN-18), human lung (A-549) and human colon (HCT-116) cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Trd-EO possessed the selective and highest cytotoxicity towards MCF-7 and LN-18 cancer cell lines, reduced over 50% cell growth at the concentration of 24.37 μg/mL and 36.72 μg/mL, and cytomorphological studies indicated the apoptotic effect of the essential oil. GCMS and GCGCTOFMS profiling of Trd-EO revealed 23 and 61 phytoconstituents belonged to fatty acids, aldehydes, alcohols, ketone derivatives, ester derivatives, alkanes and other fatty acid derivatives. As expected for oil extraction, fatty acid derivatives were majorly present.