Scholarlink

<p>Spirulina is a cyanobacterium widely used in nutraceutical products; however, the presence of trace elements in spirulina-derived products has motivated the evaluation of both its nutritional contribution and potential toxicological risks. This study determined essential (Fe, Ca, Mg, Na, K, P, Mn, Cu, and Li) and toxic elements (As, Cd, and Pb) in commercially available spirulina-derived products from Argentina, including powders, capsules, and tablets. Samples were analyzed by flame and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and UV–Vis spectrophotometry. Among the quantified analytes, K and P were the most abundant, followed by Na, Mg, Ca, and Fe, whereas Cu was detected at lower concentrations. Li was not detected, and Mn was quantifiable in only a limited number of samples. Arsenic was below detection limits, while Cd and Pb were detected at trace levels. Powders generally exhibited higher and more homogeneous elemental concentrations than capsules and tablets, with tablets showing the lowest concentrations. Estimated nutritional contribution was evaluated assuming a standardized intake of 1 g of spirulina-derived product day⁻<sup>1</sup>. Under this intake scenario, Fe showed the highest contribution (3–4% of recommended intake), whereas the remaining elements contributed only marginally. Risk assessment based on estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), and hazard index (HI) suggested no significant non-carcinogenic risk. The analyzed products provided only a limited contribution to most daily mineral requirements while remaining associated with low estimated exposure to toxic elements.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Elemental Composition and Variability in Spirulina-derived Nutraceuticals: Implications for Nutritional Relevance and Health Risk

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月25日

查看全文
  • María del Pilar Balverdi,
  • Silvina Natalia Gómez,
  • Cecilia Viviana Balverdi,
  • Andrea Fabiana Lorenzo,
  • Adriana María Sales

摘要

Spirulina is a cyanobacterium widely used in nutraceutical products; however, the presence of trace elements in spirulina-derived products has motivated the evaluation of both its nutritional contribution and potential toxicological risks. This study determined essential (Fe, Ca, Mg, Na, K, P, Mn, Cu, and Li) and toxic elements (As, Cd, and Pb) in commercially available spirulina-derived products from Argentina, including powders, capsules, and tablets. Samples were analyzed by flame and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and UV–Vis spectrophotometry. Among the quantified analytes, K and P were the most abundant, followed by Na, Mg, Ca, and Fe, whereas Cu was detected at lower concentrations. Li was not detected, and Mn was quantifiable in only a limited number of samples. Arsenic was below detection limits, while Cd and Pb were detected at trace levels. Powders generally exhibited higher and more homogeneous elemental concentrations than capsules and tablets, with tablets showing the lowest concentrations. Estimated nutritional contribution was evaluated assuming a standardized intake of 1 g of spirulina-derived product day⁻1. Under this intake scenario, Fe showed the highest contribution (3–4% of recommended intake), whereas the remaining elements contributed only marginally. Risk assessment based on estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), and hazard index (HI) suggested no significant non-carcinogenic risk. The analyzed products provided only a limited contribution to most daily mineral requirements while remaining associated with low estimated exposure to toxic elements.